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In this column, we will explain "musculoskeletal analysis," which is a type of CAE in the field of bioengineering. Musculoskeletal analysis involves creating a human model (musculoskeletal model) composed of muscles and bones to replicate human movements, and it calculates the muscle activity during these movements and the forces acting on various parts of the model. The analysis uses motion capture data measured from the subject's movements. We invite you to read on. 【Contents】 ■ What is musculoskeletal analysis? ■ Analysis methods ■ Application fields ■ Conclusion *For more detailed information about the column, please refer to the related links. Feel free to contact us for further inquiries.

• Other analyses

In the previous basic course, we explained how to fit unknown parameters in a formula using Excel's analysis tools to minimize the error between experimental data and the arbitrary formula. This time, we will briefly explain the simplex method, which is fundamental to fitting. For more details, please refer to the related links. We encourage you to read it. [Contents] ■ Episode 6: Overview of the Simplex Method 　・1. Introduction 　・2. Explanation of Example Problems 　・3. Operating Procedures *Detailed content of the column can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

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In numerical analysis work, I believe it is often the case that results are explained using graphs. In this context, I would like to introduce some useful Excel features that are good to know. This includes explanations of the "If function," as well as "Add-in settings" and "Data preparation" for "Fitting." This column can be viewed through the related links. Please take a moment to read it. [Contents] ■ Issue 5: Useful Excel Features ・1. If Function ・2. Fitting 2-1. Add-in Settings 2-2. Data Preparation 2-3. Executing Fitting *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. If you have any questions, feel free to contact us.

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In this column, we will introduce several features to make the command prompt more convenient to use. We will explain the steps for "copying text," as well as "changing font size" and "changing the current directory at startup." For more details, please check the related links. We encourage you to read it. [Contents] ■ Part 4: Convenient Features of the Command Prompt ・1. Copying Text ・2. Changing Font Size ・3. Changing the Current Directory at Startup *For detailed content of the column, you can view it from the related links. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

• Other analyses

In the CAE analysis business basic course, we introduce tips and techniques useful for those who are taking on CAE analysis for the first time. In many CAE software programs, a large number of files are generated in the working folder when calculations are executed. It is safer to keep all files while the project is ongoing, but after the project ends, it becomes necessary to retain only the essential files and organize unnecessary ones to reduce disk usage. Continuing from the last session, we will introduce how to utilize the command prompt. [Contents] ■ Session 3: Bulk Deletion of Files - Steps for bulk deletion of files 1-3 *Details of the column can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In the CAE analysis business basic course, we introduce tips and techniques that are useful for those who are responsible for CAE analysis for the first time. When performing analysis, it can be frustrating to encounter situations where the analysis results differ even though you believe you are calculating under the same conditions. The cause is usually due to differences in input data or conditions, and it is necessary to compare the two calculation models to identify the discrepancies. In this column, we will introduce how to utilize the command prompt. [Contents] ■ Issue 2: Utilizing the Command Prompt - Work Steps 1-3 *For detailed content of the column, you can view it through the related links. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

• Other analyses

In the basic course on CAE analysis, we will introduce tips and techniques useful for those who are handling CAE analysis for the first time. CAE analysis work can be divided into preparation processes such as model creation, execution of the analysis solver, and post-processing like result verification. While it is inevitable that these tasks take time, one aspect that is often overlooked is the management of calculation folders. In the first session, we will introduce methods for managing calculation folders. [Content Overview] ■ Session 1: Folder Management Methods - 1. Naming Calculation Folders - 2. Creating a List *For detailed content of the column, you can view it through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In the previous article, we presented the calculation formulas for uniaxial elongational viscosity of viscoelastic materials at a constant strain rate, as well as the calculation formulas for viscosity in simple shear flow. In this column, we will establish the following assumptions to simplify the phenomenon as much as possible. For more details, please refer to the related links. We encourage you to read it. [Contents] ■ K-BKZ Model ■ Calculation Assumptions ■ Calculation Results of Uniaxial Elongational Viscosity ■ Comparison of Uniaxial Elongational Viscosity and Shear Viscosity *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. If you have any questions, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

The most commonly used model for CAE analysis of viscoelastic materials, including elongational flow behavior, is the integral-type constitutive equation known as the K-BKZ model. In this column, I would like to explain the principles while limiting the discussion to as simple phenomena as possible. For more details, please refer to the related links. Please refer to specialized books for information on strain tensors and invariants. 【Contents (partial)】 ■ K-BKZ model ■ Role of the memory function m ■ Role of the damping function h ■ Finger strain tensor C^-1 ■ Uniaxial elongational viscosity calculation formula at constant strain rate *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In this column, we will introduce "Measurement Methods and Examples of Extensional Viscosity." The method that was considered the earliest is the uniaxial tensile method known as the Meiβner method. Although there are various methods that have replaced this one today, it is easier to explain the principle, so we will use the Meiβner method as an example here. Please take a moment to read it. 【Contents】 ■Principle of Uniaxial Extensional Viscosity Measurement ■Examples of Uniaxial Extensional Viscosity Measurement *For detailed content of the column, you can view it through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

When mochi is grilled, it expands. This is because the moisture inside turns into steam, increasing the internal volume and causing the mochi to puff up like a balloon. Due to the expansion of the internal steam, the distance between points A and B on the surface of the sphere widens, and the thickness becomes thinner. When it reaches a thinness that cannot withstand the internal pressure, it bursts. The deformation mode that stretches in one direction and contracts in a direction perpendicular to it is called extensional flow. In this column, we will explain "Extensional Flow." [Contents] - Shear Flow and Extensional Flow - Relationship between Shear Viscosity and Extensional Viscosity *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Thermosetting resins undergo molecular bonding as the reaction progresses, making the molecules less mobile, which results in an exponential increase in viscosity and a transition from liquid to solid at the gel point. When the effects of shear rate and temperature are added, the actual molding process exhibits very complex viscosity changes. In this column, we will explain the Castro-Macosko viscosity model, which is commonly used in CAE. [Contents] ■ Castro-Macosko Viscosity Model ■ Viscosity Increase Equation Due to Curing Reaction ■ Shear Rate Dependency of Viscosity ■ Temperature Dependency of Viscosity ■ Calculation Examples *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In practice, it is common for a wide variety of materials to be blended into thermosetting resins according to their applications, and many materials with different reaction forms exist. Therefore, there are materials with the characteristic that the reaction rate does not reach its maximum initially under isothermal conditions, and a reaction rate equation that effectively represents this is desired. One of the models that fits this is the Kamal reaction rate equation, which is now frequently used in the world of CAE. [Contents] ■ Kamal model and basic characteristics ■ Time variation of reaction rate and reaction degree - Example of isothermal characteristics - Example of heating characteristics - Other reaction rate models *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In this column, we will introduce the decay reaction rate equation commonly used in the field of chemistry. Even with the same material, reactions become more active at higher temperatures and proceed more slowly at lower temperatures. A common method to express the temperature dependence of reaction rates is to use the Arrhenius model. The Arrhenius model was proposed by a Swedish chemist as a formula to predict chemical reactions at a certain temperature, and it is now widely used as a standard method to represent the temperature dependence of reactions. [Contents] ■ Models representing temperature dependence ■ Temperature and reaction rate dependent models *For more details on the column, you can view it through the related links. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

• Other analyses

Thermosetting resins are composite materials made up of a main agent, a curing agent, and various additives. From the moment these components are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs that changes the molecular structure from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, advancing polymerization and ultimately resulting in an insoluble product. Changes in physical properties such as viscosity, elastic modulus, and specific volume are closely related to the progress of the reaction. In this column, we will introduce how to investigate and define the reaction state. [Contents] ■ Measurement of reaction heat ■ Definition of reaction rate and reaction speed ■ Reaction rate equations *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Resins can be broadly classified into thermoplastics and thermosets, and the outlines of their types, applications, and molding methods have been explained in the second and third sessions of this course. In this column, we will discuss how to handle thermosetting resins in CAE. The significant difference is that while thermoplastic resins simply melt when heated, thermosetting resins form insoluble products upon heating. [Contents] ■ What happens when thermosetting resins are heated ■ How physical properties change during molding *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

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One of the fields of plastic molding processing is foamed molding. This involves growing bubbles in molten resin to impart shock absorption, cushioning, thermal insulation, sound absorption, and soundproofing properties to the molded products, while also aiming for weight reduction. In this column, we will introduce the basic equations for bubble growth analysis and a simple calculation example. [Contents] ■ Derivation of basic equations ■ Simple calculation example *For more details on the column, please refer to the related links. Feel free to contact us for more information.

• Other analyses

Plastics have the characteristics of being lightweight and easy to process, but often struggle to meet the demands of the industrial sector when used alone. Therefore, efforts are made to enhance their performance by mixing in specific materials. The purposes of incorporating specific materials into plastics include improving strength, heat dissipation, sound insulation, and sliding properties, as well as imparting conductivity and magnetism. Inorganic materials such as glass and carbon are mainly used for this purpose and are referred to as fillers. In this column, we will explain the basics of the relationship between the amount of filler and viscosity. [Contents] ■ Classification of mixed liquids ■ Evolution of viscosity equations *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

When a liquid tries to change shape, resistance due to intermolecular forces arises, and this magnitude becomes viscosity. As the temperature rises, the molecular motion of the liquid becomes more active, and since the molecules want to move freely, viscosity decreases. In the plastic molding process, the temperature of the resin changes significantly, so viscosity is greatly affected by this. Therefore, it has become common to incorporate the temperature dependence of viscosity into the viscosity equations used in CAE. In this column, we will introduce representative model equations. [Contents] ■ Andrade's equation ■ WLF (Williams, Landel, Ferry) model equation *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

In the case of pure viscous fluids, the equation that represents the quantitative relationship between stress and strain rate is called the constitutive equation or rheological equation. For Newtonian fluids, if temperature and pressure are constant, η becomes a constant. Therefore, the relationship between shear rate and shear stress is linear. On the other hand, for materials like plastics that are in a molten state, the relationship becomes nonlinear, and substances with this characteristic are collectively referred to as non-Newtonian fluids. [Contents] ■ Constitutive equations for pure viscous fluids ■ Power law model ■ Comparison of velocity distributions *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Resin materials are viscoelastic bodies, and it is ideal to analyze them using models as described so far. When limited to a solidified state, the difficulties of numerical analysis are somewhat improved, and practical calculations are being conducted. On the other hand, regarding phenomena that involve high-speed flows, such as injection molding, considering viscoelasticity leads to enormous computation times and instability in numerical solutions, making it rarely used in practice. In this column, we will focus on resin flow and explain the handling methods as a viscous body. [Contents] ■ Practical handling as a viscoelastic body ■ Flow in resin molding ■ Comparison and classification of characteristics when shear rate is instantaneously changed ■ Comparison of characteristics of pure viscous fluids - 1 ■ Comparison of characteristics of pure viscous fluids - 2 ■ About dilatancy *Detailed content of the column can be viewed through related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

The molten state of polymers such as plastics exhibits elastic properties during flow, and it is particularly known to swell due to elastic recovery when extruded from the die exit. This phenomenon is referred to as Die Swell or the Barus effect. In practice, the cooling of the resin after exiting the die and the influence of gravity come into play, but this column will introduce a calculation formula under very limited conditions. 【Contents (partial)】 ■ Assumptions ■ Dimensionless numbers of viscoelastic fluids and Die Swell ■ Weissenberg number: We ■ Deborah number: De ■ Calculation examples *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

This column explains the 6th installment of resin molding and rheology, titled "Representation of Relaxation Modulus and Time-Temperature Superposition Principle." Plastic materials exhibit the characteristics of relaxation modulus, but the two-element Maxwell model, which uses only a set of springs and a dashpot, has only two fitting coefficients, G and λ, making it difficult to accurately represent the properties of real materials. By effectively combining the coefficients of each element, it is possible to create the desired relaxation modulus curve, thereby expressing properties that are closer to those of actual materials. [Contents] ■ What is Relaxation Modulus ■ Generalized Maxwell Model ■ Zener Model ■ Time-Temperature Superposition Principle *For more details about the column, please refer to the related links. If you have any questions, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Polymeric materials such as plastics exhibit phenomena known as stress relaxation, where the stress decreases over time when a certain strain is applied, and creep, where the strain increases over time towards a certain value when a constant stress is applied. These occur because the materials possess both elastic and viscous characteristics. By effectively combining elements that have each of these individual characteristics, it seems possible to represent stress relaxation and creep phenomena. [Contents] - Spring elements and dashpot elements - Maxwell model - Voigt model *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

The manufacturing methods that humanity has acquired include "subtractive processing," which involves removing unnecessary parts from large blocks to leave the desired shape, such as stone knives and stone arrowheads. This includes cutting, laser processing, and etching. On the other hand, the molding processing methods for resins involve "deformation processing," where pre-measured materials are shaped into the desired form. This column will explain the representative molding methods. [Content (partial)] ■ Molding methods for thermoplastic resins - Injection Molding - Extrusion Molding - Blow Molding - Thermo-Forming *Detailed content of the column can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Resin originally refers to a substance secreted by plants, and it is called "resin" in English. This synthetic resin has the general property of softening when heated, allowing it to be molded into any shape, which is why it is also referred to as plastic. The main raw material used to be coal, but since the 1950s, it has been replaced by petroleum. Currently, due to its versatility, it occupies an important position as a fundamental material, similar to steel, cement, glass, wood, and light metals. [Contents] ■ Resin and Plastic ■ Classification of Resins ■ Types and Applications of Thermoplastic Resins ■ Types and Applications of Thermosetting Resins *For detailed content of the column, you can view it through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

Rheology is a compound word derived from the Greek words Rheo (flow, deformation) and logos (law), named by American scientists. It now means "the science of the flow and deformation of materials." On the other hand, with the remarkable improvement in computer capabilities, CAE (Computer Aided Engineering), a computer-aided design support technology, has developed, and the desktop examination of anticipated issues and their solutions during new product development has become an important role in design work. In this column, we will explain the basics of rheology focused on plastic molding processing and the combination technology with CAE. [Contents] ■ Introduction ■ Rheology deals with the properties of materials in the intermediate region between solids and liquids ■ Trivia *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

This column is a series that focuses on things that are close to us but often go unnoticed, explaining their behavior, functions, phenomena, and principles in an easy-to-understand manner. In the fourth installment, we will introduce "Linear and Nonlinear." The finite element method, used as an analytical technique, can be applied to both linear analysis, which deals with small deformations and material properties within the elastic range, and nonlinear problems. Nonlinear problems can be broadly classified into three types: material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity, and boundary nonlinearity. [Contents] ■ Fourth installment: "Linear and Nonlinear" ■ Material nonlinearity ■ Geometric nonlinearity ■ Boundary nonlinearity *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

This is a series that focuses on things that are close to us but often go unnoticed, explaining their behavior, functions, phenomena, and principles in an easy-to-understand manner. In this column, we will discuss the "strain" that occurs in objects, along with its relationship to "stress." The relationship between load and deformation varies depending on the dimensions of the member, but the relationship between stress and strain remains the same regardless of the dimensions, as long as the material is the same. Thus, the relationship between stress and strain is an important factor that determines the mechanical properties of materials. [Content] ■ Issue 3: "Strain" *For more details on the column, please refer to the related links. For further inquiries, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

This column is a series that focuses on things that are close to us but often go unnoticed, explaining their behavior, functions, phenomena, and principles in an easy-to-understand manner. In the second installment, we will clarify the concept of stress. Stress is defined as the force per unit area that arises within an object when it is subjected to external forces. Stress can be broadly divided into two types: normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface, such as tension and compression, and shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface. These are important design elements when designing structures. [Contents] ■ Second installment theme: "Stress" ■ Earthquake-resistant design is a battle against stress ■ Reflecting on structural design *For detailed content of the column, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Other analyses

This is a series that focuses on things we often overlook in our daily lives, explaining their behavior, functions, phenomena, and principles in an easy-to-understand manner. In this column, we will cover fields related to CAE analysis, such as structure, heat, and fluids. We will explain the fundamental concept of "force equilibrium," which is essential for solving problems where forces are acting yet the system remains at rest, as well as problems where the relative positions of objects do not change (statics). [Content] ■ Episode 1 Theme: "Force Equilibrium" ■ "Force Equilibrium" in Everyday Problems ■ Aesthetically Pleasing "Force Equilibrium" *For more details about the column, please refer to the related links. Feel free to contact us for more information.

• Other analyses

In this article, we introduce cooling cases within a warehouse. We analyzed the cooling process of products arranged on shelves in a refrigerated warehouse. The air expelled from the air outlet cools the products and exits from the outlet, while inside the product case, two types of materials with different thermal conductivity and density are arranged. The analysis was conducted using 3D unsteady incompressible analysis. [Contents] ■ Overview ■ Analysis Results *Detailed information about the case can be viewed via the related link. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study on the cleaning analysis of containers. Using the general-purpose fluid analysis software AcuSolve, we conducted a cleaning analysis of the containers. Multiple containers were placed in a cleaning tank filled with water, flowing in one direction. Cleaning nozzles were positioned to discharge water from the sides and top of the containers, and we investigated the process of wastewater flowing out of the containers. [Contents] ■ Overview ■ Analysis Results *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article presents a case study of a laptop analysis using AcuSolve. Heat generation values are set for each component, such as the CPU and memory. A pin-type heat sink is placed on the CPU, and forced air cooling analysis is performed using a fan modeled with P-Q characteristics. 【Contents】 ■ Model Description (Laptop Analysis) ■ Analysis Results *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed via the related links. For more details, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces examples of air conditioning analysis. By defining the pressure loss as solid on the floor slab, we model the ventilation panels. We can verify the appropriate placement of server racks, the set temperature and airflow of the air conditioning units, and the installation locations of the floor ventilation panels through thermal fluid analysis. [Contents] ■ Model Description (Data Center Analysis) ■ Data Center Modeling ■ Analysis Results *Detailed information on the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more details, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study of airflow analysis around solar panels. We arranged solar panels measuring 10×3m in three rows and subjected them to a wind speed of 10 m/s from the front. The calculations were performed in a three-dimensional, steady-state, incompressible manner, with the computational domain set to a sufficiently large area around the panels. Additionally, in this sample model, only half of one side of the solar panel was modeled. By executing calculations with varying panel spacing and angles, we were able to investigate various patterns of airflow around the panels, confirming the flow passing beneath the solar panels and the vortices forming at the back of the panels. [Contents] ■ Overview of sample calculations for solar panels ■ Analysis results *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more details, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

In this article, we introduce a case study on mixing analysis. Using the general-purpose fluid analysis software AcuSolve, we conducted a mixing analysis and investigated the impact of blade installation angles on mixing efficiency. A four-blade mixer was placed in the mixing container and rotated at a constant angular velocity. The lower half of the fluid was colored, and we examined the changes in mixing efficiency for blade installation angles of 30 degrees and 70 degrees. Under these analysis conditions, it was concluded that a blade installation angle of 70 degrees results in superior mixing efficiency. [Contents] ■ Overview ■ Analysis Results ■ Indicators of Mixing Efficiency *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study of retention analysis within a tank. Using the general-purpose thermal fluid analysis software AcuSolve, we will conduct a circulation analysis of the solvent located under a rotating roll in the tank. By calculating the flow field within the tank, we can confirm the cycle in which the solvent is replaced and identify the areas where old solvent remains in the tank. 【Contents】 ■ Overview ■ Analysis Results ■ Summary *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study of thermal fluid analysis of a coating die using AcuSolve. Using the general-purpose thermal fluid analysis software AcuSolve, we conduct thermal fluid analysis of a slot die, allowing inks with different physical properties and temperatures to flow in from the inlet. We investigate the spread of the resin and the temperature changes of the mold. We can visualize the spread of the fluid flowing through a narrow channel by coloring it and observing the fluid that enters from a specific inlet. 【Contents】 ■ Overview ■ Model Description and Calculation Conditions ■ Physical Property Values ■ Analysis Results ■ Conclusion *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study of topology optimization for a crankshaft. Topology optimization is performed when static loads are applied to the bracket (crank). We remove excess material from the given design space to achieve a shape that is lighter while maintaining high rigidity. As a result, compared to the shape before optimization, the mass has decreased from 349.3 [g] to 340.6 [g], and the displacement has also reduced from 8.3 [mm] to 5.7 [mm], indicating a shape that is both lighter and more rigid. [Contents] ■ Model diagram ■ Initial shape ■ Optimization results *Details of the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

This article introduces a case study on the mechanism analysis of a crankshaft. We perform mechanism analysis (motion analysis) using a model that simulates the behavior of the crankshaft and conduct topology optimization of the connecting rod. The optimized shape is fitted using PolyNURBS and can be output as a smooth shape in a CAD file. [Contents] ■ Model Diagram ■ Motion Analysis ■ Optimization Results *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

Standing on one leg is a posture where one foot is lifted off the ground, causing an unstable balance, which activates the muscles to maintain stability. AnyBody incorporates a mannequin that models the musculoskeletal system, allowing the simulation of human movements to analyze the loads on the human body. This article compares the analysis results of a model created solely by a driver without using motion capture to those based on motion capture, and presents a case where the model created by the driver was linked to a parameter study. [Contents] ■ Model Creation ■ Comparison of Results ■ Parameter Study ■ Summary *For detailed information about the case, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Mechanism Analysis

In this article, we introduce a case study analyzing the burdens on both the person lifting and the person being lifted when lifting two or more models. In this example, we compare the burdens in two cases: lifting at a constant speed and lifting with acceleration. It is possible to analyze both the lifter and the person being lifted simultaneously. As a result, the muscle activity of the lifter was significant, while the person being lifted exhibited only a small amount of muscle activity to maintain posture. The burden on both increased when lifting with acceleration compared to lifting at a constant speed. [Contents] ■ Analysis Conditions ■ Comparison of Results (Muscle Activity / Forces on Intervertebral Discs) *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Mechanism Analysis

This article presents a case study aimed at analyzing complex high-speed movements, such as "running," using the AnyBody Modeling System without measuring ground reaction forces. Additionally, it analyzes the movements of subjects with varying running experience to see how differences in muscle usage and metabolic energy manifest in the results. As a result, it was confirmed that the AnyBody Modeling System can visualize and quantify muscle usage and activity levels in running without measuring ground reaction forces. [Contents (partial)] ■ Definition of running motion ■ Measurement conditions ■ Subjects ■ Overview of modeling in AnyBody *Detailed information about the case study can be viewed through the related links. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

• Mechanism Analysis

In modern society, there are many tasks that require collaboration among peers or interpersonal work that involves two or more people. In this article, we will introduce a model created using two bodies as an example of analysis, utilizing a saw. We will compare the results when there is one human model versus when there are two. By comparing the results obtained from the two models, it is possible to observe the impact of the number of human models. [Contents] ■ Analysis Conditions ■ Results ■ Discussion *For detailed information about the case, please refer to the related links. For more information, feel free to contact us.

• Mechanism Analysis