三菱長崎機工 Product Lineup

The layout is completely flexible! Achieving beautification and labor-saving in factories! This is a link conveyor that can be installed in various locations without regard to the type of waste. 【Features】 ○ Automatically transports various types of waste generated from factories to designated locations ○ Transport routes can be freely adjusted in three dimensions: up, down, left, and right ○ Can be installed in any location, requiring only the diameter of the pipe for installation space ○ Excellent durability and energy-saving type ○ Easy to collect water and oil ○ Prevents scattering and odors, achieving pollution-free transportation ◆ For other functions and details, please download the catalog.

• Other conveying machines

Introduction to the Differences Between Electromagnets and Permanent Magnets An "electromagnet" is a type of magnet that generates "temporary" magnetic force by winding a coil around a core made of magnetic material (commonly iron) and passing an electric current through it. By stopping the current, it is possible to reduce the magnetic force to nearly zero. A "permanent magnet," on the other hand, is an object that generates a magnetic field without the need for external energy, such as electricity. Unless subjected to heat or shock, it does not lose its magnetic force for a semi-permanent duration. [Features] < Electromagnet > ■ It is possible to reduce the magnetic force to nearly zero by stopping the current. ■ Compared to a permanent magnet of similar size, it can generate a larger magnetic force. ■ Continuous current through the coil generates heat, which increases resistance and reduces the magnetic force (weakens it). *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Automatic sorting machine

The "drum-type magnetic separator" is a type of magnetic separation machine that uses either electromagnets or permanent magnets. ● The "permanent magnet type" is energy-efficient, with power consumption limited to the electric motor only. It can be used for many years because it employs permanent magnets that do not lose magnetism. ● The "electromagnetic type" allows for high flexibility in use and can be operated with input from above or below. 【Features】 <Permanent Magnet Drum-Type Magnetic Separator> ■ Power consumption is limited to the electric motor only ■ Can be used for many years due to the use of permanent magnets that do not lose magnetism * For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Automatic sorting machine

The "Suspended Magnetic Separator" is a type of magnetic separation machine. It can be installed in existing plants and can be suspended above the conveyor system for recovery! Additionally, there are models that use electromagnets and those that use permanent magnets. By using a suspended magnetic separator, it is possible to recover ferromagnetic materials, including iron, from the conveyor. 【Features】 ■ Can be installed in existing plants ■ Recovery is possible by suspending it above the conveyor system ■ Capable of recovering high-purity ferromagnetic materials ■ Compared to drum-type or magnetic conveyors, it can recover high-purity ferromagnetic materials *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Automatic sorting machine

The "magnetic separator" is a type of sorting machine that uses magnetic force. It is capable of removing and sorting ferromagnetic materials, including iron, by recovering processed materials using magnetic force. There are types that use electromagnets and those that use permanent magnets, each with different functions. Additionally, there are various shapes such as drum type, suspended type, and magnetic pulleys. 【Features】 ■ Recovery of processed materials using magnetic force ■ Removal and sorting of ferromagnetic materials, including iron ■ Various shapes available, including drum type, suspended type, and magnetic pulleys *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• Automatic sorting machine

The "Aluminum Separator" is a machine that recovers non-ferrous metals such as "aluminum," "copper," and "brass" from crushed processed materials. By rapidly rotating a magnetic rotor with permanent magnets arranged around its circumference, a powerful alternating magnetic field is generated on the drum surface. This induces eddy currents in non-ferrous metals like aluminum present in the processed materials being conveyed, allowing for separation through the resulting propulsion force. 【Features】 ■ Capable of recovering valuable materials such as aluminum, copper, and brass from mixed processed materials ■ Reduction of disposal costs ■ Can be sold as mixed metals ■ Transition from manual sorting to automated sorting using machinery, reducing labor costs ■ Aimed at the removal of non-ferrous metals (aluminum, copper, brass) *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us!

• Automatic sorting machine

The "Link Conveyor" is a type of transport conveyor. A chain runs through the inside of a pipe, with blades attached at regular intervals. By driving this chain, the machine transports the items placed inside the pipe by pushing them with the blades. Since it transports items within a pipe, it allows for sealed transport. Additionally, due to the pipe installation, it can be set up in three dimensions. 【Features】 ■ Sealed transport is possible as items are conveyed within the pipe. ■ It can prevent leakage, scattering, and spillage during transport. ■ It can be installed in three dimensions due to the pipe structure. ■ It allows for a high degree of freedom in selecting transport routes, avoiding corridors and obstacles, or utilizing pits and ceilings. *For more details, please refer to the PDF materials or feel free to contact us.

• Conveyor

Maximum processing capacity of 10m! We have one of the largest large turning capabilities in Western Japan. *The maximum dimensions that can be processed vary depending on the shape and weight. 【Are you facing any of these issues?】 - There are few inquiries for large machine processed products. - The factory load has overflowed. - It is difficult to handle large machine processing. 【Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery can do the following!】 - Integrated manufacturing including procurement, can manufacturing, machining, heat treatment, and marine transportation. → Reduces the hassle of process management. → Helps reduce horizontal transportation costs. We respond to various quality requirements with skilled processing technology. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

• others

Lithium-ion batteries that can cause fires In recent years, there has been an increase in fires caused by lithium-ion batteries. It is urgent to implement measures to remove lithium-ion batteries. ◆ Lithium-ion batteries can be recovered using magnetic force Electronic devices containing lithium-ion batteries can be recovered using high magnetic force. While it was difficult to recover them with suspended magnetic separators or drum magnetic separators, it is possible to attract them with this high magnetic force magnet pulley. 〇 Custom manufacturing is also available. When introducing new machinery, it is necessary to consider the flow of the plant and the installation location. With this magnet pulley, it can be used as a magnetic conveyor by replacing the head pulley of the existing conveyor. *Please note that there are limitations on the dimensions that can be manufactured, so please inquire for details.

• Other conveying machines
• Belts and pulleys

What kind of company is Mitsubishi Nagasaki Kiko? It is a manufacturer that specializes in the production of ultra-high-pressure pressure vessels, including ultra-high-pressure double-tube heat exchangers, which are essential equipment for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) production plants, as well as various other high-pressure equipment. The company has a complete manufacturing system for various high-pressure equipment and possesses a dedicated pump capable of generating 1000 MPa, which is necessary for self-tightening treatment and pressure testing. Additionally, they have specialized engineers in ultra-high pressure, enabling compliance with various standards such as the High-Pressure Gas Safety Act and ASME.

• Contract manufacturing

○ What is a link conveyor? It is a type of transport conveyor. A chain is passed through the inside of a pipe, with blades attached at regular intervals. By driving this chain, the machine transports the items placed inside the pipe by pushing them with the blades. Since the items are transported within the pipe, sealed transport is possible. Additionally, due to the pipe installation, it can be set up in three dimensions. 〇 The idea of having a conveyor under a conveyor is possible! 〇 The layout is completely flexible. It achieves factory beautification and labor reduction!

• Conveyor

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery has a production system capable of consistently handling welding, assembly, heat treatment, and machining for products ranging from small items to ultra-large products in the 500-ton class. From various cylinders for gas turbines manufactured with advanced technology in alloy steel to various iron structures, we will continue to make further efforts to flexibly respond to the diversifying user needs and contribute to both quality and reliability domestically and internationally.

• Contract manufacturing

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery has a production system that can consistently handle welding, assembly, heat treatment, and machining for products ranging from small sizes to ultra-large products in the 500-ton class. From various cylinders for gas turbines made of high-tech alloy steel to various steel structures, we flexibly respond to the diversifying needs of users, and we will continue to make further efforts to contribute to both quality and reliability domestically and internationally.

• Contract manufacturing

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery is also engaged in the manufacturing of related equipment and various devices associated with various facilities. We can respond to customer needs and are capable of manufacturing large products, including tank fabrication and machining!

• Contract manufacturing

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery is also engaged in the production of related equipment and various devices associated with the production facilities of steel manufacturers. We respond to customer needs by providing high-quality and efficient steelmaking equipment, and we can handle everything from design and manufacturing to on-site assembly and installation.

• Processing Contract

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery offers a comprehensive total rolling system that caters to various customer needs, not only providing standalone equipment for ring rolling mills but also aligning with factory layouts and production plans for ring processing products, including fully automated ring mill lines from rough shaping to rolling and material handling. **Features** Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery Co., Ltd. is a leading domestic manufacturer of ring mills, boasting a wide range of delivery records for large to medium and small ring production, as well as fully automated hot ring forming lines. Our unique rolling control system enables high-precision ring shaping! Our state-of-the-art ring mills are used by numerous forging manufacturers both domestically and internationally, and we have a track record of producing ring rolling mills with some of the world's largest rolling forces. ◆ Small and Medium Ring Rolling Mills The small and medium series is ideal for the production of bearing races, automotive-related parts, gear materials, flanges, and more. It is possible to configure fully automated lines, allowing for high-speed mass production of ring products. Additionally, it adopts a compact machine structure, thoroughly pursuing economic efficiency.

• Plastic processing machines (cutting and rolling)

We would like to introduce our proven track record with the 【3000T Hot Forging Press】. *The photo is a pull-down type. 【Features】 ● High rigidity! High durability! High precision! ● We carefully consider customer requests, reflect them in the design, and deliver custom-made machines that meet their needs. ● We also accept inquiries regarding maintenance of presses from other manufacturers. Our hot forging press is a state-of-the-art forging facility capable of producing high-quality products with consistent quality through a program control system. It can adequately handle extremely large eccentric loads, sudden load fluctuations, and radiant heat from red-hot materials, meeting the stringent demands of customers for high-grade materials and difficult-to-process items. Additionally, we provide comprehensive support from design to manufacturing, installation, and after-sales service. 【Are you having trouble with an old press?】 In addition to new manufacturing, we also accept maintenance and inquiries regarding hydraulic presses from other manufacturers. Our engineers, who have extensive experience and a proven track record with hydraulic presses, will assist you!

• Forging Machine

This is an introduction to our company's achievement, the "Inline Forging Press." The inline forging press from Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery can be installed just before existing or newly established rolling production lines. By pre-forming ingots or continuous casting blooms before entering the rolling process, it significantly improves the internal quality of the material and yield. Additionally, it is a groundbreaking forging system that allows for a reduction in the number of passes in slab rolling and an increase in the size of rolled products, with a proven track record of fully automated process management capable of 24-hour continuous operation.

• Forging Machine

We would like to introduce our example of achievements, the 【Hot Forging 13000T Press】! 【Features】 ◆ High rigidity! High durability! High precision! ◆ We carefully consider customer requests, reflect them in the design, and deliver custom-made machines that meet their needs. ◆ Please feel free to consult us regarding maintenance of presses from other manufacturers. Our hot forging press is a state-of-the-art forging facility capable of producing high-quality products with no variation, thanks to its program control system. It can adequately handle extremely large eccentric loads, rapid load fluctuations, and radiant heat from red-hot materials, meeting the stringent demands of customers for high-grade materials and difficult-to-process items. Additionally, we provide comprehensive support from design to manufacturing, installation, and after-sales service. 〇 In addition to new production, we also accept maintenance and consultations for hydraulic presses from other manufacturers. Are you facing issues with old presses where the manufacturer no longer exists or there are no service providers available? Our engineers, who have extensive experience and achievements with hydraulic presses, are here to assist you.

• Forging Machine

We would like to introduce our 7000T hot forging press, which has a proven track record. 【Features】 ◆ High rigidity! High durability! High precision! ◆ We will carefully consider your requirements, reflect them in the design, and deliver a custom-made machine that meets your needs. ◆ Please consult us for maintenance of presses from other manufacturers as well. Our hot forging press is a state-of-the-art forging facility capable of producing high-quality products with consistent quality through a program control system. It can adequately handle extremely large eccentric loads, rapid load fluctuations, and radiant heat from red-hot materials, meeting the stringent demands of customers for high-grade materials and difficult-to-process items. Additionally, we provide comprehensive support from design to manufacturing, installation, and after-sales service! 【Are you having trouble with an old press?】 In addition to new manufacturing, we also accept inquiries for maintenance of hydraulic presses from other manufacturers. Our engineers, who have extensive experience and a proven track record with hydraulic presses, will assist you.

• Forging Machine

Our company specializes in "large-scale canning" and "large-scale machining," and we are engaged in contract manufacturing of various industrial machinery, steel structures, and related products. From our dedicated wharf at the Fukahori Factory (Nagasaki City), we can receive materials and ship large products by sea. We provide a comprehensive service from material procurement to canning, heat treatment, machining, painting, inspection, and sea shipment. We also excel in thick plate welding, with extensive experience in carbon steel SS400 in thicknesses ranging from 50 to 250mm. We can accommodate thicknesses over 250mm, so please feel free to consult us. 【Sizes for Various Processing】 Tanks: Up to 8,000mm in diameter or a total length of 10,000mm Large diameter products: Up to 18,000mm in diameter (with experience in blast furnace steel plates) Small diameter products: Up to 38,000mm in total length (with experience in spades) Shipping weight: Up to 500t ★ We are currently showcasing an introduction video of our facilities. Please take a look. You can also view examples of our deliveries through "PDF Download." Feel free to contact us with any inquiries.

• Contract manufacturing

What kind of system is the non-ferrous metal sorting system? - It is a recovery system for non-ferrous metals that combines our non-ferrous metal sorting machine, conveyor system, and color sorter. 1. Non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, brass, etc.) are sorted using eddy currents in the non-ferrous metal sorting machine. 2. The sorted non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, brass, etc.) are transported by the conveyor system. 3. The non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, brass, etc.) are sorted by color using the color sorter. What are the benefits? - Recovery of valuable amounts from processed materials. - Reduction of the number of personnel required for manual sorting, leading to lower labor costs.

• Automatic sorting machine
• Other conveying machines

What is an electromagnetic drum-type magnetic separator (double coil)? It is a drum-type magnetic separator that uses electromagnets. A typical electromagnetic drum-type magnetic separator combines electromagnets and permanent magnets, but this electromagnetic drum-type magnetic separator (double coil) uses electromagnets for both the main and auxiliary poles! What are the advantages of the electromagnetic drum-type magnetic separator (double coil)? - By constructing the entire magnetic circuit with electromagnets, magnetic force is increased! → It can recover magnetic materials that were difficult to attract with conventional drum magnetic separators. - Improved maintenance - Magnetic force can be adjusted → In the case of permanent magnets, it is not possible to adjust the strength of the magnetic force, but with this electromagnetic drum-type magnetic separator (double coil), our unique voltage control allows for stepless adjustment of the magnetic force.

• Other conveying machines

A high-performance model of the electromagnetic suspended magnetic separator has been developed! - Improved magnetic circuit increases the magnetic flux density at the ends of the conveyor belt by up to 25%. - The magnetic flux density directly below the separator increases by up to 15%. → Compared to conventional models, the iron recovery rate has significantly improved! - Compact design with the same size as the existing lineup. → Minimal modifications are needed during the replacement of existing machines, making the installation process smooth! Custom manufacturing is also possible. - Designed and manufactured to match existing connections!

• Other conveying machines

What kind of company is Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery Works? It is a manufacturer that specializes in "large fabricated products" and "large machined products." Since it also owns a dedicated wharf, it can conduct maritime transportation. It is a manufacturer that excels in handling thick and heavy items!

• others

It is a mobile bulletproof shield that can respond to various counter-terrorism measures.

• others

It is a simple assembly and portable bulletproof shelter.

• others

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery's "measuring" technology is active in various industries.

• Other machine elements

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery's load cells utilize the traditional special steel technology from the Mitsubishi Steel era to develop "strain gauge type load cells," which are used in various fields.

• Other machine elements

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery manufactures various types of buckets primarily used for dredging work such as port construction. With the knowledge of special steel cultivated over the years and our unique design philosophy, our buckets withstand harsh operating conditions and possess high durability.

• Other mounting machines

◆Features of the Color Sorter◆ 〇Detection of processed materials using CCD cameras from two directions (top and bottom). →High-precision sorting is possible as the materials can be identified from both the front and back using cameras. 〇Two-stage system →The sorting unit is divided into two stages (upper and lower), allowing for coarse sorting followed by fine sorting in one pass. Additionally, settings can be adjusted for the upper and lower stages, enabling configurations tailored to specific purposes such as sorting into three categories.

• Other conveying machines

【Features】 〇 Easy to install on hydraulic excavators, and with no vibration from the magnet, operators can handle scrap reliably and quickly! 〇 Special brackets are provided for installation, making it easy to attach and detach from the arm!

• Other conveying machines

- Achieved a high magnetic force of 1.3T (13,000G) on the pulley surface through a unique magnetic pole design! - It is possible to recover weakly magnetic materials and deformed stainless steel, which cannot be collected by conventional magnetic separators, using magnetic force! - Due to the permanent magnet system, it can be used for many years. - Custom manufacturing is also available. ◎ Manufactured in sizes tailored to your equipment and facilities Not only standard products but also specifications that match the connection parts are manufactured. * We also produce belt-type and drum-type (drum shell surface: approximately 0.8T) models.

• Sorting machine

【Significant Improvement in Sorting Accuracy!】 The magnetic drum with "eccentric structure" that has been implemented traditionally has been significantly powered up with our unique design!! By extending the flight distance of non-ferrous metals, we have achieved a substantial increase in the recovery rate and purity of non-ferrous metals. 【What’s Good About the Eccentric Structure?】 - Reduced Maintenance Frequency Compared to the concentric structure, the eccentric structure has lower magnetic force at the bottom of the magnetic drum, which significantly reduces the frequency of belt damage caused by the entrapment of magnetic materials (such as iron) and the breakage of FRP drum shells! - Improved Recovery Rate and Purity By applying an alternating magnetic field concentrated at an optimal position, the flight distance of non-ferrous metals is enhanced. As a result, the recovery purity and recovery rate of non-ferrous metals (such as copper, aluminum, brass, etc.) increase.

• Conveyor

Gas turbine cylinders are used as components of thermal power generation systems, supporting turbines that rotate at high speeds and requiring high quality and performance to withstand severe conditions of high temperature and high pressure. Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery has established a production system that covers all processes from material procurement to painting, ensuring quality that meets customer trust.

• cylinder

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery has newly established a large turning machine within the factory! The maximum processing diameter is Φ10m, the table diameter is Φ8m, and the maximum load capacity is 200T, allowing for even larger workpieces. It features six types of attachments. 【Features】 ■ Maximum processing diameter: Φ10m ■ Table diameter: Φ8m ■ Maximum load capacity: 200T ■ Six types of attachments *For more details, please refer to the related link page or feel free to contact us.

• Processing Contract

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery Co., Ltd. specializes in the manufacturing of reactors using special steels such as alloy copper and clad steel for pressure vessels. We have established a quality system based on ISO 9001 and have a comprehensive production system that allows for consistent manufacturing through detailed design and engineering know-how, including stress analysis, and state-of-the-art equipment. Our products have a proven track record, operating not only domestically but also in key areas of petroleum refining plants, chemical plants, fertilizer plants, and more around the world!

• others

Manipulators are used for handling hot materials in forging operations. Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery responds to a wide range of needs, including forging manipulators linked to press machines, handling manipulators tailored for ring rolling mills, and various tool manipulators for different tasks. <Manufacturing achievements of various manipulators (partial)> ◆ Rail-type forging manipulators ◆ Material handling manipulators for automatic ring rolling mill lines ◆ Tool manipulators ◆ Handling manipulators for bending presses ...and many more achievements We can provide consistent production from design to manufacturing tailored to the customer's applications.

• Forging Machine

Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machinery Co., Ltd. is a leading domestic manufacturer of ring mills, with a wide range of delivery achievements including ring rolling mills for large to medium and small-sized rings, as well as fully automated hot ring forming lines. Our unique rolling control system enables high-precision ring shaping. Our state-of-the-art ring mills are used by numerous forging manufacturers both domestically and internationally, and we also have a track record of producing ring rolling mills with some of the largest rolling forces in the world! ◆ Large Ring Rolling Mills These mills achieve high rigidity and stable operation, making them suitable for the production of large flanges, swivel bearings, gear materials, and rings for aircraft components, fully meeting the market's demand for larger sizes. ◆ Small and Medium Ring Rolling Mills The small and medium series is optimal for producing bearing races, automotive-related parts, gear materials, and flanges. They can also be configured as fully automated lines, allowing for high-speed mass production of ring products. Additionally, they adopt a compact machine structure, thoroughly pursuing economic efficiency. ◆ In-house Testing Machines We have ring mill testing equipment at our headquarters factory, so we can accommodate requests for trial rolling from customers (processing capacity MAX φ1000mm, 1200kN/800kN).

• Plastic processing machines (cutting and rolling)

Utilizing our unique technology developed through free forging presses, we design and manufacture not only hot free forging presses but also multi-axis, multifunction hydraulic presses for engine valve forming, bending presses, hydraulic straightening presses, and more, tailored to meet our customers' needs. We also accept inquiries regarding maintenance for presses from other manufacturers (both domestic and international)! <Examples of Deliveries> ◆ Extra-wide plate bending press (Pressing force: 1500/2000 tons) ◆ 500-ton multi-function press ◆ 1000-ton blanking press ...and many more, with a proven track record of meeting diverse needs. ◆ Maintenance for presses from other manufacturers (both domestic and international)

• Forging Machine

**Features** ◆ High rigidity! High durability! High precision! ◆ We carefully consider customer requests, reflect them in our designs, and deliver custom-made machines that meet your needs. ◆ We also accept inquiries regarding maintenance of presses from other manufacturers. Our hot forging press is a state-of-the-art forging facility that can produce high-quality products with no variation, thanks to its program control system. It can adequately handle extremely large eccentric loads, sudden load fluctuations, and radiant heat from red-hot materials, meeting the stringent demands of customers for high-grade materials and difficult-to-process items. Additionally, we provide consistent support from design to manufacturing, installation, and after-sales service. **Are you having trouble with an old press?** In addition to new manufacturing, we also accept maintenance and inquiries for hydraulic presses from other manufacturers. Our engineers, who have extensive experience and a proven track record with hydraulic presses, will assist you.

• Forging Machine

〇 Such bending is possible - U-shaped bending up to 9m in length - Single seam cylindrical bending processing - Forming of hemispherical end plates is also possible (Maximum processing capacity: plate thickness 300mm, radius 4,500mm, length 9,000mm) 〇 Integrated manufacturing is possible We can consistently manufacture large products from material procurement to can fabrication, heat treatment, machining, painting, inspection, and shipping by sea. → This leads to reduced handling costs and reduced management effort in the process! 〇 Reliable quality Our company has established a quality management system based on ISO 9001 for pressure vessels, steel structures, environmental plants, and industrial machinery.

• others

〇Integrated Production Capability We can consistently manufacture large products from material procurement to canning, heat treatment, machining, painting, inspection, and shipping by sea. → This leads to a reduction in handling costs and a decrease in the effort required for process management. 〇Reliable Quality Our company has established a quality management system based on ISO 9001 for pressure vessels, steel structures, environmental plants, and industrial machinery.

• others

Maximum processing capacity of 10m! We have one of the largest large turning capabilities in Western Japan. *The maximum dimensions that can be processed vary depending on the shape and weight. 【Are you facing any of these issues?】 - There are few inquiries for large machined products. - The factory load has overflowed. - It is difficult to handle large machining. 【Mitsubishi Nagasaki Machine Works can do the following!】 - Integrated manufacturing including procurement, can manufacturing, machining, heat treatment, and marine transportation. → Reduces the hassle of process management. → Helps reduce horizontal transportation costs. We respond to all quality requirements with skilled machining technology.

• others

〇Abundant Variations ・Selection of optimal vibration isolation devices ・Control of vibration generation (considering the surrounding environment) 〇Excellent Vibration Isolation Performance ・Our original disc springs and damping devices 〇Outstanding Durability ・Exceptional oil resistance, heat resistance, and weather resistance ・Design and manufacturing in compliance with domestic regulations 〇40 years of achievements both domestically and internationally

• Other machine elements