[Explanation of the Causes of Capacitor Failure] Capacitor capacity reduction in the charge and discharge circuit.
A Must-Read Guide for Circuit Designers: 15 Examples of Causes and Countermeasures for Capacitor Failures
As a countermeasure, please use capacitors that are compatible with the charging and discharging circuit!
We will introduce a case where the capacity of aluminum electrolytic capacitors decreased in a circuit where the charging and discharging of capacitors, such as welding machines and strobe flashes, is frequently repeated. When charging and discharging aluminum electrolytic capacitors repeatedly, the following reactions continuously occur on the surface of the cathode foil. [During Charging] Gas generation due to the electrolysis of the electrolyte [During Discharging] The charge on the anode foil moves to the cathode foil, oxidizing the cathode surface As a result, internal pressure rises, leading to open failures when the pressure relief valve operates, or failures due to the decrease in capacity of the cathode foil, which reduces the capacitance of the capacitor. This phenomenon can occur not only during charging and discharging but also when a large voltage fluctuation is applied to the capacitor. [Countermeasures] ■ Use capacitors with specifications suitable for the charging and discharging circuit in circuits where frequent charging and discharging occurs. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.
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Please be aware of the following: - Replace capacitors that show a decrease in capacity as soon as possible. - Continuing to use them without replacement may cause gas to be generated from the electrolyte, which could lead to the pressure valve activating or short-circuiting. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.
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If you see the following symptoms in a capacitor, it is faulty: ■ The case is swollen (bulging) ■ There are cracks in the case ■ There is a gap between the case and the sealing part ■ The pressure valve has activated (the pressure valve has opened) ■ The case has burst ■ It is hot, generating heat ■ Smoke is coming out ■ There is liquid leakage ■ There are unusual sounds ■ There is an unusual smell *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.
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AIC tech handles Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and Film capacitors for industrial market. Our capacitors have a history of more than 70 years and have their origins in technological development in Japan. AIC tech delivers high-value, precision capacitors tailored for power electronics—from renewable energy and industrial systems to transportation, ICT/IoT, healthcare, and infrastructure. Please feel free to contact us if you have any requests.