[Explanation of the Causes of Capacitor Failure] The characteristics of electrolytic capacitors deteriorate at low temperatures.
A Must-Read Guide for Circuit Designers: 15 Examples of Causes and Countermeasures for Capacitor Failures
The cause is the deterioration of the transient response performance of the output voltage, resulting in the inability to obtain the specified voltage! Here are some countermeasures.
We will introduce a case where a malfunction occurred during a low-temperature operation test of a DCDC converter, resulting in a decrease in output voltage. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor using electrolyte was used in the output section of the DCDC converter. Generally, at low temperatures below -20°C, the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte decreases and its viscosity increases, leading to a reduction in capacitance by several tens of percent, worsening frequency response, and increasing equivalent series resistance. As a result, it was determined that the transient response performance of the output voltage deteriorated, preventing the specified voltage from being achieved. [Countermeasures] - Confirm the capacitance, ESR, impedance, and frequency characteristics of the capacitor at low temperatures, and select an appropriate capacitor. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.
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Please be aware of the following: - The lower operating temperature varies by type, so please take note. - If the capacitor's characteristics change at low temperatures, returning it to room temperature within the specified temperature range will restore those characteristics. - However, please do not forcibly heat it when returning to room temperature. - There may be cases of abnormal appearance or degradation of characteristics. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.*
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If you see the following symptoms in a capacitor, it is faulty: ■ The case is swollen (bulging) ■ There are cracks in the case ■ There is a gap between the case and the sealing part ■ The pressure valve has activated (the pressure valve has opened) ■ The case has burst ■ It is hot or generating heat ■ Smoke is coming out ■ There is liquid leakage ■ There are unusual sounds ■ There is an unusual smell *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.
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AIC tech handles Aluminum electrolytic capacitors and Film capacitors for industrial market. Our capacitors have a history of more than 70 years and have their origins in technological development in Japan. AIC tech delivers high-value, precision capacitors tailored for power electronics—from renewable energy and industrial systems to transportation, ICT/IoT, healthcare, and infrastructure. Please feel free to contact us if you have any requests.