Extraction analysis of non-metallic interstitials and precipitates.

basic information

Non-metallic inclusions and precipitates in steel have a significant impact on various properties of the steel, making it important to understand their size and quantity. For example, non-metallic inclusions such as Al2O3 are known to cause a decrease in strength and can serve as initiation points for fractures. Additionally, precipitates (intermetallic compounds) can sometimes improve high-temperature strength, while in other cases, they can lead to embrittlement. In extraction analysis, special solutions are used to extract and separate inclusions and precipitates from the steel, allowing for the evaluation of their quantity, composition, size, and shape when combined with various analytical methods. Generally, the evaluation of inclusions is widely performed using resin-embedded samples observed under a microscope; however, this method provides a two-dimensional assessment and ignores parts that do not appear on the polished surface. Furthermore, when searching for large inclusions that could serve as fracture initiation points, it is practically difficult to observe a vast area. On the other hand, extraction analysis has the advantage of being able to evaluate samples in gram quantities at once, enabling three-dimensional observation of inclusions and quantification of inclusions per unit weight of the sample.

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Applications/Examples of results

Extraction and analysis of aluminum nitride (AlN) in structural steel.