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Spring Product List

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The importance of factors affecting fatigue strength, such as notches and surface roughness, and their countermeasures.

The importance of factors affecting fatigue strength, such as notches and surface roughness, and their countermeasures.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 19] Notches reduce both static strength and fatigue strength! The scary part is the notches that are like bacteria, which are hard to see.

Last time, we studied that if we know the tensile strength of a material, we can estimate the approximate fatigue limit, and that this fatigue limit cannot be used as is. From this time onward, we will explain the factors that influence fatigue strength for a while. Have you encountered any mechanical parts in your daily handling that have broken due to fatigue failure, as we have studied so far? Please pay attention to where the starting point of fatigue cracks is. Usually, don't they start from places like keyways, oil holes, threads, abrupt changes in cross-section, or welds? *You can view the detailed content of the article in the PDF. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

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Changes in the fatigue strength of springs due to dimensional effects and the influence of internal defects in the material.

Changes in the fatigue strength of springs due to dimensional effects and the influence of internal defects in the material.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 21] Yielding and fatigue destruction are related not only to the maximum surface stress but also to the stress at a certain depth from the surface!

Now, let's talk about the effect of dimensions. There are various types of leaf springs, both thick and thin, and coil springs with materials of different diameters, both thick and thin. In this way, when it comes to plates, the thickness changes, and for round bars, the diameter changes. Does the fatigue strength remain the same? In fact, it does change. This is referred to as the dimensional effect in fatigue. When testing thick and thin specimens in fatigue tests, excluding tensile and compressive fatigue limits, generally, thinner specimens show a greater fatigue limit in bending and torsion. Since most springs are used in bending or torsion, let's keep this relationship in mind as well. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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The importance of corrosion treatment and surface strengthening to enhance the durability of springs.

The importance of corrosion treatment and surface strengthening to enhance the durability of springs.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 23] Explanation of methods to prevent the decline of fatigue strength and surface treatments aimed at corrosion protection!

In recent discussions, we have explained the factors that lead to a decrease in fatigue strength. However, as the saying goes, "If you think you will lose, you will lose." Therefore, while we won't call it a surefire method, let's study ways to prevent the decline in fatigue strength. To improve fatigue strength, the first consideration is surface enhancement. As previously mentioned, this includes cleaning the surface and preventing decarburization, but there are also other effective measures such as corrosion protection and shot peening for springs. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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The effects and precautions of shot peening in improving the fatigue strength of spring materials.

The effects and precautions of shot peening in improving the fatigue strength of spring materials.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 24] An explanation of the miracle cure for improving fatigue resistance, shot peening, and other important considerations!

Today, let's study shot peening, a remedy for improving fatigue strength, as a way to wrap things up, along with other important points. Shot peening involves bombarding the surface of a spring with small steel balls at high speed using compressed air or centrifugal force to strengthen that surface. The effects of this strengthening can primarily be considered as follows: A. Blowing away surface scale and decarburization layers, thereby reducing a type of notch. B. Generating effective residual stress on the surface. C. Work hardening the surface. D. Creating a uniform roughness on the surface. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.

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The importance of changes in steel transformation and organizational structure, and hardness adjustment through heat treatment.

The importance of changes in steel transformation and organizational structure, and hardness adjustment through heat treatment.

[Reproduction Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 28] We are explaining using a diagram that shows the carbon content and the proportion of organizational components in steel!

As a policy of our preparatory school, we aim to make our lectures as easy as possible while ensuring the content is rich and profound. However, for a while, I believe we will continue with some difficult explanations. Please study with the same enthusiasm as a wife reading a cookbook. Now, phase transformation occurs at temperatures above 700 degrees, but first, let's examine the structure of steel at room temperature. *For detailed content, you can view the PDF. For more information, please feel free to contact us.*

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Explanation of the temperature changes due to the steel transformation process and the influence of carbon.

Explanation of the temperature changes due to the steel transformation process and the influence of carbon.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 29] Pure iron at room temperature undergoes a sudden transformation into gamma iron when the temperature rises to 910 degrees!

Last time, I briefly explained "Steel H," but today I will finally get serious and talk about perversion. As we learned previously, steel is an alloy of iron and carbon, and the strength and structure of steel change depending on the carbon content. However, it also varies with temperature, and the stable state is represented by a "phase diagram." *For detailed content of the article, you can view it in the PDF. Please feel free to contact us for more information.*

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Detailed explanation of dimensional changes due to quenching and tempering, and heat treatment techniques.

Detailed explanation of dimensional changes due to quenching and tempering, and heat treatment techniques.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 32] Explanation of the relationship between temperature and elongation when heated slowly and cooled slowly!

I have been studying quenching and tempering lately, so please bear with me a little longer. ■ Expands to the point of rapid cooling I have lectured on the changes in structure caused by quenching and tempering, but today I would like to talk a bit about changes in dimensions. * For detailed content of the article, you can view it in the PDF. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

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Causes of defects due to heat treatment and preventive measures: countermeasures for overheating, quenching, and cracking.

Causes of defects due to heat treatment and preventive measures: countermeasures for overheating, quenching, and cracking.

[Reprint Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 33] What you need to be careful about is overheating! An introduction to defects that are likely to occur during heat treatment.

Today, in the sense of a final review, let's study the defects that are likely to occur during heat treatment. The first thing to be cautious about is overheating. This occurs when steel is unnecessarily heated to a temperature above the specified level, which not only damages the fuel but also accelerates the wear of the furnace. Overheated materials are prone to decarburization, oxidation, and grain coarsening, leading to cracking and making the mechanical properties more brittle. In the heat treatment of springs, there is also a chance of overheating during shaping and quenching heating. How can we prevent this? *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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Introduction to types of spring steel wire, their applications, and the production process.

Introduction to types of spring steel wire, their applications, and the production process.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 34] Introduction to soft steel wire, hard steel wire, piano wire, and welding rod core wire!

Now that the new students have arrived, we will temporarily pause our studies on heat treatment and start with materials for springs, beginning with steel wire. I feel sorry for the new students, but if any unfamiliar terms come up during the lecture, please ask the seniors from the second-year repeaters for help. It’s fine to jump straight into spring steel wire, but remember the saying, "Spring days are long, and haste makes waste." I will digress a bit, but it would be beneficial to introduce the various types of wires, as it will help in understanding spring steel wire. *For detailed content, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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The relationship between the quality and surface defects of spring steel wire and its price.

The relationship between the quality and surface defects of spring steel wire and its price.

[Reproduction Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 38] Make sure to check that there are differences in price depending on the type of line and the line diameter!

Last time, I lectured on the manufacturing process of spring steel wire. We studied how more effort is put into removing surface defects for higher quality wires. Today, I will discuss how this affects the surface defects of the wire and how it reflects on the price. First, looking at the raw material wire, the higher the carbon content, the more expensive it is. For example, if the price of high carbon steel wire type 6 is set at 100, then that of high carbon steel wire type 4 is 87. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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Quality and tensile strength of spring steel wire and changes in coil diameter.

Quality and tensile strength of spring steel wire and changes in coil diameter.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 39] An explanation of how the tensile strength of spring steel wire significantly affects coiling!

I also assigned this as homework, but did you understand the differences in quality and performance among various types of spring steel wire? Today, let's try making springs with steel wire. Oh, excuse me, you all are better at spring manufacturing than I am. I would like to learn from you, so let's skip that. By the way, why do the springs made from spring steel wire fit precisely into certain dimensions and specific spring characteristics? *For detailed content, you can view it in the PDF. Please feel free to contact us for more information.*

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Quality degradation due to grinding of the spring end face and heat generation, and points to note.

Quality degradation due to grinding of the spring end face and heat generation, and points to note.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 42] Thin wire springs, thick wire springs! An explanation of the issues of end face grinding and shot peening for both.

Even for the same type of wire springs, when the wire diameter is thick and reaches 12 millimeters or more, the manufacturing process changes as follows: ■ Material: Annealed wire ■ Process: Coiling → Cutting → Hardening → Tempering → End face grinding → Setting In some cases, shot peening may be performed after end face grinding, similar to fine wire springs. Now, let's study the common issues of both fine wire springs and thick wire springs, specifically end face grinding and shot peening. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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Improvement of fatigue resistance of springs by shot peening and precautions during processing.

Improvement of fatigue resistance of springs by shot peening and precautions during processing.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 43] Fine matte texture on airplane parts! Explanation of shot peening.

Shot peening is a processing method in which countless small steel balls are struck against the surface of springs that have completed shaping and heat treatment. As a result of this processing, the surface of the spring develops numerous indentations and becomes similar to a pearlescent pattern. The formation of these surface irregularities occurs because the steel balls collide with great force against the surface of the steel, causing that area to undergo plastic deformation. *For more detailed information, please refer to the PDF. Feel free to contact us for further inquiries.

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A comprehensive summary of the causes of wire spring damage and preventive measures.

A comprehensive summary of the causes of wire spring damage and preventive measures.

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 45] The usable temperatures of various steel wires and JIS related to wire springs are also included in the table!

I would like to conclude the long study of spring mechanics with this session. Looking at examples of spring failures, they can be broadly categorized into breakage and deformation. Among these, the causes of breakage are mostly due to manufacturing defects and usage defects, while material defects are relatively minor. A common manufacturing defect is surface defects caused by overheating during heat treatment. In terms of usage defects, deterioration due to corrosion is likely. In the former case, shot peening is effective, while in the latter case, using stainless steel materials is effective. *For detailed content of the article, please refer to the PDF. For more information, feel free to contact us.*

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The Flower Preparatory School Festival: Lessons Hidden in the Songs Unraveled by the Folk Song Club

The Flower Preparatory School Festival: Lessons Hidden in the Songs Unraveled by the Folk Song Club

[Reproduction of Private Spring Preparatory School Lecture 46] Introducing songs about mainsprings, songs that encourage quality control, and songs related to painting and spring surfaces!

We decided to hold a school festival here to foster a connection between teachers and students. Titled, "Flower's Spring Prep School - School Festival." I wonder what kind of repertoire will emerge from the seriously diligent students. It's a mix of worry and excitement. First of all, the first classroom is very lively, so we've decided to come here today. Neither the president nor the students are studying today. Let's join together with the teachers and take a look at the results of our club activities. *For detailed information, please refer to the PDF. Feel free to contact us for more details.

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