High performance, self-organization, passivation, solution process, anti-solvent free, high durability, surface free energy, p-i bulk film formation.
Perovskite refers to a type of crystal structure composed of halogen elements such as lead or tin combined with iodine or bromine, along with organic alkyl ammonium ions. The perovskite structure is used as the light-absorbing layer in perovskite solar cells. The perovskite layer, which can be formed easily and at low temperatures through a solution process, has a thickness of 0.3 μm, which is about 1/500th the thickness of single and multicrystalline silicon solar cells that typically range from 150 to 200 μm, making it resource-efficient. By utilizing the electrostatic interactions between poly-electrolytes and nanoparticles, as well as self-assembled monolayers of phosphoric compounds, it becomes possible to fabricate high-performance perovskite solar cells quickly and easily on textured transparent conductive films at low temperatures. Additionally, by adding fluorine-based materials with low surface free energy to the perovskite precursor and simply applying and heating it, the materials can spontaneously segregate to the perovskite surface, allowing for passivation of the perovskite surface. This leads to enhanced performance of the solar cells and promises improved durability.