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★December 2025 Issue Report Presented! "Automation and Electrification Addressing Transportation Challenges Due to Labor Shortages in Commercial Vehicles" Monthly detailed reports on the latest technological trends in the automotive industry, advancing climate neutrality and digital transformation. ◆Table of Contents (Excerpt) 【Perspective 1】Business Models in the SDV Era: The Disruptive Power of Huawei HIMA Accelerating China's Smart Car Dominance Visited the flagship store of Hongmeng Zhixing (HIMA) led by Huawei in Shanghai. A new purchasing behavior has emerged, where "because it's a Huawei car, it sells," effectively turning existing OEMs into "subcontractors." Comprehensive efforts are required to shorten development periods for survival. 【Perspective 2】Physical AI: The Evolution of Transformers Advances the Practical Application of Robotics and Autonomous Driving 【Special Feature】 ◆Coverage of the South Korea Semiconductor Exhibition SEDEX 2025: Focus on High Bandwidth Memory (HBM), with ongoing development of alternative technologies to GDDR from a cost perspective ◆Japan Mobility Show 2025: Supplier Technology Trends Sharp applies home appliance technology to BEVs, while Denso and Bosch showcase SDV and thermal management technologies ◆Special Contribution from Acrosoft: Patent Value Assessment Based on the "YKS Method" for "Tire" Competitiveness

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FOURIN World Automotive Law Policy Research Monthly Report We deliver the latest trends related to climate policy, environmental regulations, safety regulations, standardization of autonomous driving, automotive tax systems, investment systems, trade and commerce, and economic security every month. ◆ Table of Contents (excerpt) [Perspective] Geopolitical Risks in the Supply Chain: Is it the Second Semiconductor Crisis? Structural Transformation Facing the Automotive Industry The US-China trade dispute has spread to the Netherlands, revealing supply uncertainties for automotive semiconductor products from major semiconductor manufacturer Nexperia. This situation arose following the US announcement to expand the application of the entity list by the end of September 2025, leading to intergovernmental conflicts between the Netherlands and China regarding Nexperia. [Special Feature] ◆ US Tariff Policy: Trump tariffs, with the tariff rate on Japan settling at 15%, and the Supreme Court ruling in December as a policy turning point ◆ EU's New Category Debate: The EU is actively discussing a new category of ultra-small vehicles, M0, which aligns with the European Commission's E-Car concept ◆ Germany's Public-Private Partnership Research: Government subsidy projects for German OEMs focusing on electrification, digitalization, autonomous driving, and data collaboration.

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November Issue Report: "AUMOVIO to Spin Off from Continental in September 2025, Aiming for Long-term Profit Margin Exceeding 6% through Cost Reductions" Now Available! ◆ November 2025 Table of Contents [Perspective] GM Business Strategy: Analyzing the Changing U.S. Business Environment with the Inauguration of the Trump Administration and GM's Strategic Shift There are views suggesting that U.S. government automotive policies are following the same path as GM's business strategy. By examining GM's business plan, we may gain insights into the trajectory of the tumultuous U.S. automotive industry. The key points are the impacts of changes in trade (tariffs) and environmental policies. [Special Feature] ◆ Germany/European Automotive Industry Competitiveness: The German automotive industry is strengthening policy responses to maintain competitiveness, with procedural burdens affecting small and medium-sized enterprises. ◆ European Electric Vehicle Market: In the first half of 2025, both the European BEV and PHEV markets are expected to see double-digit growth, with Chinese companies shifting to a dual strategy involving non-BEVs. ◆ U.S. Product Plans: Major OEMs' U.S. product plans are suppressing BEV launches while continuing ICE vehicles and expanding hybrids. And more.

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The world's largest two-wheeler market in India is experiencing significant interest regarding how much it will expand by 2035 and the extent to which electric vehicles, CNG vehicles, and flex-fuel vehicles will become widespread. In light of this situation, Fourin has published "Outlook for the Indian Two-Wheeler Market in 2035," which provides a multifaceted forecast of the future market. It organizes the government's energy policies, the business strategies of major two-wheeler manufacturers and electric vehicle specialists, and recent market trends, offering market forecasts by powertrain/fuel type for 2035. This report is ideal for companies involved in the Indian market and those considering new entries. ◆ Business strategies of major two-wheeler/electric vehicle manufacturers included in the report: Hero MotoCorp, TVS Motor, Bajaj Auto, Royal Enfield, Honda Motor Co., Yamaha Motor, Suzuki, Ola Electric, Ather Energy, and others.

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As the automotive industry shifts towards a software-centric model, Software Defined Vehicles (SDVs) are rapidly gaining prominence as a competitive axis for automakers. This report provides a multifaceted analysis of the SDV strategies being pursued by global automakers and the competition for high-performance semiconductors, which are essential for the advancement of AI and autonomous driving. ◆ Key Topics (Excerpt) - Technical concepts of SDVs and core competitive areas: Connected/ADAS/autonomous driving technology/digital cockpit/personalization and various services/electrification and E/E architecture - Strategies and engagement status of major automakers in the SDV domain: In-vehicle OS/applications/OTA/security/ADAS/autonomous driving/cross-industry - Strategies for acquiring high-performance semiconductors by major automakers: Intensifying competition in the automotive semiconductor industry, national economic security, and policies among major countries / Active SoC development centered around major semiconductor companies like Qualcomm and NVIDIA ◆ Featured Automakers VW Group / BMW / Mercedes-Benz / Stellantis / Renault / GM / Ford / Tesla / Hyundai Group / Toyota / Honda / Nissan / Mitsubishi Motors / others

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This book is an essential industry report that summarizes the latest trends in the global commercial vehicle market, electrification strategies, and the progress of ZEV (Zero Emission Vehicle) initiatives by manufacturer. It thoroughly analyzes market trends and future forecasts for medium and large commercial vehicles, as well as light commercial vehicles, and the next-generation powertrain strategies of major commercial vehicle manufacturers, including BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle), FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle), and hydrogen. It also provides detailed reports on the latest electrification technologies, autonomous driving, and mobility service trends based on coverage of IAA 2024 and CES 2025. The 2025 edition reports and analyzes how the commercial vehicle industry, which is declining due to the pandemic, semiconductor shortages, and regional conflicts, is seeking new directions for development amid increasingly stringent emissions regulations and the mandatory sales of ZEVs, focusing on product and powertrain plans, efforts towards ZEV adoption, and logistics service efficiency improvements. ◆ Major Manufacturers Featured Hino / Isuzu / Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus / Daimler Truck / TRATON / Volvo / Iveco / Paccar / Tesla / Hyundai / Kia / Tata Motors / Ashok Leyland / Mahindra & Mahindra / China FAW Group / Dongfeng Motor / BAIC Group / China National Heavy Duty Truck Group / SAIC Motor / Yutong Bus / BYD / Geely Automobile

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★October Issue Feature: "Motorcycles: VinFast Accelerates Electric Vehicle Business Against the Background of Running Regulations for Gasoline Engine Motorcycles in Hanoi, Vietnam" Presented! ◆Table of Contents for October 2025 Issue [Perspective] Impact of GST Tax Reduction on Demand: India Anticipates Demand Increase of Over 300,000 Units Due to GST Rate Cut On September 22, 2025, a revision of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) was implemented in India, with most passenger car models, excluding BEVs, becoming eligible for tax reductions, resulting in price decreases. Additionally, essential goods such as groceries, clothing, toiletries, and home appliances were also tax-reduced, increasing disposable income. This issue's perspective estimates the effect of tax reductions on new car demand. [Special Feature] ◆Product Strategies of Major Manufacturers in India: India, Major SUVs from Various Companies Launched, Suzuki Targets Hyundai's Creta with New Model Victoris ◆Product Strategies of Major Manufacturers in Thailand: Thailand, Amid Continued Launch of Chinese Electric Vehicles Focused on BEVs and PHEVs, Japanese Companies Accelerate HEV Introductions ◆Product Strategies of Major Manufacturers in Indonesia: Indonesia, Progress in Expansion of Chinese Products, Acceleration of BEV and HEV Introductions in Electric Vehicles And more.

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This report, "Outlook for the Global Electric Two-Wheeler Industry by 2035," organizes sales trends of electric two-wheelers in 29 countries worldwide and production trends in 26 countries, providing market forecasts up to 2035. It analyzes regional market changes by comparing the slowdown in demand in China with the acceleration of electrification in India, ASEAN, and Europe, as well as examining policy trends and changes in demand structure. Additionally, it covers the overseas expansion of major Chinese and emerging manufacturers, advancements in battery and motor technology, and the electrification strategies of various manufacturers. This report can be utilized for a wide range of purposes, from understanding the current state of the electric two-wheeler market to formulating business strategies. ◆ Featured Manufacturers Yadea Technology Group / Aima Technology Group / Zhejiang Luyuan / Jiangsu Xinri Electric Vehicle / Gogoro / Ola Electric Mobility Honda Motor Co., Ltd. / Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. / TVS Motor / Bajaj Auto / Hero MotoCorp ◆ Featured Countries (partial list) India / Pakistan / Indonesia / Thailand / Vietnam / Philippines / China / Taiwan / Japan / United States / Brazil / Argentina / Colombia / France / Spain / Italy / Germany, etc.

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This report systematically organizes the management trends and strategies of 22 major global passenger car manufacturers and groups, as well as their efforts towards SDV (Software-Defined Vehicle) development and carbon neutrality. In the rapidly changing business environment characterized by post-pandemic market stagnation, intensified BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) competition, and rising geopolitical risks, the report explains the product plans, production strategies, regional strategies, and trends in partnerships and restructuring that each company is pursuing. It particularly focuses on the strengths and challenges related to SDV development, electrification strategies, and long-term policies aimed at carbon neutrality. This information can be utilized for market forecasting and strategic planning. ◆ Featured Manufacturers Volkswagen / Mercedes-Benz Cars / BMW / Renault Group / Stellantis / Tesla / GM / Ford / Volvo Car / Geely / Tata Motors / Jaguar Land Rover / Hyundai Group / SAIC Motor / BYD / Great Wall Motors / Chery / Toyota Group / Honda / Nissan / Mazda / Mitsubishi Motors / Subaru / Suzuki ◆ Main Items Included Company overview and performance, management policies, organization and structure, carbon neutrality, products, production, in-house production and procurement, research and development, sales, global business, non-automotive (such as motorcycles) and new businesses.

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The "World Passenger Car Manufacturers Yearbook 2026" is a yearbook report that systematically summarizes the management strategies and business trends of 22 major passenger car manufacturers from Europe, America, and Asia. It organizes the environmental changes surrounding each company, such as geopolitical risks, responses to zero CO2 emissions, and stagnation in electrification, and clearly explains the key points of product planning, production and procurement, sales, R&D, and regional strategies. By providing a comparative analysis that looks at the competitiveness of emerging Chinese companies, structural challenges faced by European and American manufacturers, and the business balance adjustments of Japanese manufacturers, it can be useful for client analysis and strategic planning. ◆ Featured Manufacturers Volkswagen Group / BMW / Mercedes-Benz Cars / Stellantis / Renault Group / General Motors / Ford / Tesla Toyota Group / Honda / Nissan / Mazda / Subaru / Mitsubishi Motors / Suzuki / Hyundai Group / Geely / Volvo Car / Tata / JLR / SAIC / BYD / Great Wall Motors / Chery ◆ Main Items Management policies / Performance, business structure, list of locations, product planning, production / procurement, R&D, sales, regional strategies, partnerships, non-automotive business items, etc.

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Researching the automotive market is important to understand based on reliable statistics and trustworthy background analysis. Fourin publishes reports on the size, share, and future forecasts of the four-wheeled and two-wheeled markets globally, regionally, and by country. We provide materials tailored to your needs, including an overview of the global market, in-depth analysis of specific countries, and thematic analyses such as electrification and the rise of Chinese companies. By combining these resources, you can gather optimal information according to your objectives, such as "understanding the overall market," "business decisions by country," and "considering new market entry." If the information you seek is not available, we may be able to accommodate individual research requests. Please feel free to contact us.

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【Recommended for】 - Engineers involved in technology strategy - Engineers in charge of electrification and ADAS - Those who want to research next-generation technologies In the automotive industry, technological innovations such as electrification, autonomous driving, and connectivity are accelerating across various fields. It is essential to regularly understand "which technologies are growing globally" and "what technology roadmaps OEMs and suppliers are outlining" when formulating business strategies and product planning. Fourin publishes reports that specialize in summarizing technology trends, allowing for efficient grasping of developments. This is ideal for those who want to overview the trends in technology development and efficiently cover the areas necessary for business decision-making.

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【Recommended for】 - Those responsible for comparing OEMs/suppliers - Those in planning who want to understand the competitive environment - Those in supplier research and purchasing In the automotive industry, various trends such as the business strategies of OEMs, alliance relationships, factory expansions, and electrification plans significantly impact the competitive environment. Additionally, competition among parts suppliers regarding electrification components is intensifying, making it crucial to understand the technological capabilities and supply systems of each company. Forin publishes a series of reports that organize information from OEM management, production, and strategic insights to the competitive relationships of parts suppliers, allowing for efficient acquisition of necessary information for competitive analysis. These reports can be used for collecting and organizing industrial foundational data, as well as for formulating related parts, materials, and business plans, serving a wide range of applications.

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【Recommended for】 - Those involved in management planning and business planning - Those responsible for overseas business and market strategy - Those who need to make judgments considering policy, trade, and geopolitical risks Policies and regulations surrounding the automotive industry, trade friction, and geopolitical risks have a significant impact on corporate business decisions. Forin publishes reports that systematically summarize global legal policies, trade trends, and industrial policies to capture these changes in the external environment from multiple perspectives. Each month, we organize themes directly related to business strategies, such as U.S. tariff policies, the EU's creation of new categories, and China's environmental and safety regulations, allowing for quick understanding of trends in various countries. If you cannot find the information you are looking for, we may be able to assist with individual research. Please feel free to contact us.

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★The "FOURIN Factbook 2025," which received great acclaim at the Japan Mobility Show 2025, is now available for limited distribution! 【Recommended for】 - Those who want to grasp an overview of the automotive industry in a short time - Those who want to understand the general market trends by OEM and region - Companies considering requesting research from us - Those who were unable to receive materials at the exhibition 【Contents (same as the exhibition distribution version)】 - Trends in automobile sales (2005–2024, 92 countries worldwide) - Changes in the composition ratio of the global automotive market by country (2018, 2024) - Changes in the position of Japanese brand vehicles in the global automotive market - Overview of automobile sales by group (2024, 86 countries worldwide) - Ranking of automobile manufacturers by revenue (2024), etc. *This document is a limited release of the "Automotive Industry Factbook" distributed at the Mobility Show, exclusively available on Ipros. It summarizes global automotive sales trends, the status of major OEMs, and our company overview. *Recommended for those looking to understand the basics of the automotive industry or considering requesting research from us.

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**Key Points of This Report** - This report presents the progress and challenges in the optimization of transaction practices in Japan's automotive industry, based on interviews with key persons from both ordering and receiving companies (Tier 1/Tier 2). - To deepen the understanding of the policy side's recognition and efforts, hearings with relevant government ministries were also conducted. - It organizes legal amendments aimed at promoting the optimization of transaction practices, such as the significant revision of the Subcontract Act and the revision of standards under the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Promotion Act. Since the announcement of the "Future-Oriented Transaction Practices (Seko Plan)" in September 2016, efforts to optimize transaction practices have steadily progressed in five key areas: the proper determination of prices, improvement of payment terms, optimization of mold transactions, protection of intellectual property and know-how, and prevention of the burden shifting due to work style reforms. However, in recent years, amidst rising prices, there has been a particular focus on the proper determination of prices, specifically price transfer. It is hoped that this report will serve as a reference for both ordering and receiving companies in negotiating fair prices and achieving transaction conditions, as well as for building good relationships with business partners, contributing to the business development of those involved.

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【Recommended for】 - Planning personnel involved in strategic planning for the Indian passenger car market 【What you can learn from this report】 - Long-term trends in the Indian passenger car market - Sales structure by vehicle type, brand, and segment - Power unit strategies of major OEMs - Factors supporting market expansion such as policies, demographics, and auto loans - Market size forecasts by vehicle type and power unit for 2026-2035 This report provides a multifaceted analysis of the Indian passenger car market and organizes market forecasts up to 2035. It systematically organizes competitive structures, demand composition, and policy impacts based on statistics, allowing for a quantitative understanding of the growth potential in the Indian market. It can be utilized for business strategy, overseas market analysis, and investment decisions.

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【Recommended for】 - Companies in the parts and materials sector considering business opportunities with the Hyundai Motor Group (Hyundai/Kia) - Those who want to understand the direction of HMG's electrification and SDV strategy for the 2030s - Individuals involved in formulating medium- to long-term business and technology strategies at automotive OEMs and suppliers - Management planning and technology strategy personnel who wish to analyze the Hyundai Motor Group as a competitor and benchmark - Financial and investment professionals who want to objectively understand the growth potential and future outlook of the South Korean automotive industry and HMG 【What you can learn from this report】 - An overview of the Hyundai Motor Group's medium- to long-term growth strategy towards 2035 - The direction of technology strategies such as electrification and SDV (software-defined vehicles) - Market strategies and challenges by region (North America, Europe, South Korea, etc.) Hyundai Motor Group (HMG), the largest automotive company in South Korea, has risen to third place in the world with a production record of 7.23 million units in 2024. They are aiming for 10 million units and second place in the world by the 2030s, and opportunities for support from global automotive parts and materials manufacturers, as well as equipment, machinery, and processing manufacturers, including those from Japan, are expected to increase. Please utilize this for considering business opportunities and as a competitive benchmark.

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★November issue feature: "Honda: JMS unveils the Honda 0 α entry SUV and the Super ONE Prototype compact BEV for the first time!" ★For those who want to understand the latest trends in the Japanese automotive industry and the overseas strategies of Japanese manufacturers. ◆Content from the November 2025 issue (excerpt) - Expectations for the Takai administration: Policies for technological innovation and cultural heritage expected from car enthusiast Sanae Takai. On October 21, 2025, Sanae Takai assumed office as Prime Minister. As a car lover who has owned a Toyota Supra (A70 model) for many years, there are high expectations for her policies regarding technological innovation and cultural heritage in the automotive industry. She aims to restructure the mobility industry as a pillar of economic revitalization, focusing on generative AI and connected technologies. Meanwhile, the abolition of the provisional tax rates on fuel and light oil may serve as an opportunity to view automobiles not only through the lens of taxation but also as a cultural preservation effort. - Toyota e-Palette: Sales to begin in September 2025, aiming for Level 4 autonomous driving by fiscal year 2027. - JMS Summary: Overview of the Japan Mobility Show 2025, with progress in the electrification of light vehicles and the expansion of overseas production by Japanese manufacturers.

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★November Issue Feature: "India: The Possibility of Easing Pre-Approval for Chinese Corporate Investments, Which Are Barriers for Chinese OEMs and Suppliers in Improving Sino-Indian Relations" is now available! ◆Table of Contents for November 2025 Issue [Perspective] The Impact of Rare Earth Regulations on Asia: China's Rare Earth Regulations Significantly Affect Japanese OEMs in India and ASEAN The new rare earth regulation proposal announced by China in October 2025 mandates that products using Chinese rare earth materials from third countries outside of China must receive prior certification from the Chinese government before being exported. Initially scheduled to take effect in December 2025, it has since been postponed to November 2026. This article explores the potential impacts on Japanese OEMs and suppliers located in Asia. [Special Feature] ◆Kia's PBV Business Strategy: Kia Targets the LCV Market with PBV, Aiming for Electric Vehicle Needs in Japan with Sojitz as a Partner ◆India: The Launch of ADAS-equipped Vehicles Accelerates, Korean and Western Parts Manufacturers Advance Localization to Cut Costs ◆ASEAN: Revision of the ASEAN-China FTA, Japanese Companies Should Focus on Utilization Rather Than Competition to Expand Profits And more.

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This is a comprehensive statistical yearbook of the global automotive industry, containing data on automobile production, sales, and ownership numbers from 92 countries and regions, along with explanations of market trends in each country. Data is directly obtained from automotive associations and government agencies in each country, and market forecasts for 2025 to 2035 are based on the results from 2024. Trends are systematically organized by region, manufacturer, and vehicle type, allowing for an understanding of structural changes in the global market. Additionally, detailed reports on the emerging trends related to electric vehicles worldwide are included. Please use this for business strategy planning, overseas market analysis, and policy or research materials.

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This is a comprehensive statistical yearbook of the global motorcycle industry, covering motorcycle sales figures in 111 countries and production figures in 20 countries worldwide. It directly obtains primary data from automotive and motorcycle industry associations and government agencies in each country, explaining the achievements and their backgrounds up to 2024. The market trends by country are systematically organized, and the structural changes in the global motorcycle market, particularly in Asia, are analyzed. The 2025 edition includes new information on the global business expansion of major motorcycle manufacturers, export trends in China and India, and insights into the rapidly growing Mexican market. Please make extensive use of this for demand forecasting, understanding market size, business strategy planning, research, and policy analysis.

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The era of "CASE," where electrification, autonomous driving, and connectivity are rapidly advancing. The automotive industry is shifting its competitive focus from hardware to software, intensifying the development competition in areas such as BEV/PHEV, SDV (Software Defined Vehicle), ADAS, AI, and power semiconductors. This report systematically organizes the latest technological trends and development strategies of major global OEMs and suppliers. It covers key themes such as electric powertrains, thermal management, in-vehicle software, and digital cockpits, providing a multifaceted analysis of the industry's direction towards 2030. It is an essential resource for gaining an overview of the technological trends in the CASE era and for considering next-generation mobility strategies.

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Chinese brands are accelerating their global expansion at an unprecedented pace. According to data compiled by FOURIN, the sales volume of Chinese brands such as BYD, Geely, Changan, Chery, and SAIC in 86 countries worldwide in 2024 (including some estimates) reached 19.71 million units, an 18.0% increase from the previous year. Currently, the ratio of domestic sales to overseas sales remains high, but plans for the construction of overseas bases have been announced one after another, and the shift from exports to local production is expected to gradually progress. This document examines the current status of Chinese brands and their impact on the market based on sales statistics from various countries, management strategies by major groups, sales volumes, production volumes, market shares, export volumes, production bases, and recent product launch trends. It also provides detailed reports on the domestic market in China. It can be widely used as a reference material for understanding the latest trends in the automotive industry worldwide.

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The global electric vehicle market continues to expand, centered around China, while there is a shift towards a multi-pathway strategy that includes PHEVs and HEVs, alongside a slowdown in the growth of BEVs. This document provides a detailed analysis of the changing landscape of the eAxle (electric drive axle) and related components industry as the xEV trend progresses. It covers the latest developments in the in-house and outsourcing strategies of major automotive manufacturers regarding eAxles, as well as the business expansion and production site trends of key suppliers such as Bosch, ZF, Schaeffler, and BorgWarner. Additionally, it systematically organizes the trends of major players in related components such as motors, inverters, and reduction gears. Please use this as a resource for future predictions and decision-making in the field of electrification.

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★A report explaining the trend of adopting magnesium parts, which is attracting attention as a lightweight material, is presented as a sample! FOURIN World Automotive Technology Monthly Report Detailed monthly reports on the latest technology trends in the automotive industry as it progresses towards climate neutrality and digital transformation. ◆Table of Contents (excerpt) 【Perspective 1】Powertrain Outlook: Expectations for decarbonized fuels rise with the persistence of engines A project aimed at promoting hydrogen taxis is set to launch in Tokyo in September 2025, but globally, the application of hydrogen in mobility is stagnating. In the EU, discussions are ongoing regarding the revision of CO2 regulations, considering the acceptance of PHEVs. In China and the United States, the outlook for hybrid vehicles is also increasing. 【Perspective 2】The British Disease and the Future of the Japanese Economy: Is there a vaccine for the British Disease? The Japanese automotive industry's ailment is severe. 【Feature】 ◆IAA Mobility 2025 On-site Report: Focus on the announcement of product and technology strategies aimed at restoring competitiveness among three German OEMs. ◆Range Extender EV (REEV/EREV/REX): Global electrification outlook, with markets and regulations supporting range extender EVs. ◆Digital Transformation: Virtual Engineering, the status of efficiency-driven specialization and DX promotion.

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★October Issue Feature: "Toyota Motor Corporation: Developing ADAS with the Two Pillars of Toyota Safety Sense/Teammate, Deepening Function Additions and Updates via OTA with Arene" Presented! ◆Table of Contents for October 2025 Issue [Perspective] Price Reduction Competition for BEVs: Don't Get Caught Up in the BEV Price Reduction Competition In September 2025, BYD and Hyundai launched significant sales support measures in the Japanese market, with discounts reaching up to 1.58 million yen. Japanese manufacturers need to alleviate concerns through OEM-certified battery warranty extension plans and clearly differentiate discount levels between older models, clearance models, and current models. In a market where factors other than price, such as quality, durability, and maintenance systems, are also important, they must avoid getting caught up in a price reduction competition. [Special Feature] ◆M&A Trends among Japanese Automotive Suppliers: Notable TOBs by foreign companies, large acquisitions of overseas firms in materials and science ◆Reorganization of Japanese Passenger Car Distributors: Restructuring of sales networks among Japanese passenger car companies, promoting integration for strengthening distributor management, and beginning efforts to support next-generation BEVs ◆Interview with a Foreign Bearing Manufacturer: Interview with Schaeffler Japan, supporting electrification technology with a multi-path strategy And more.

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