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FOURIN World Automotive Law Policy Research Monthly Report We deliver the latest trends related to climate policy, environmental regulations, safety regulations, standardization of autonomous driving, automotive tax systems, investment systems, trade and commerce, and economic security every month. ◆ Table of Contents (excerpt) [Perspective] Geopolitical Risks in the Supply Chain: Is it the Second Semiconductor Crisis? Structural Transformation Facing the Automotive Industry The US-China trade dispute has spread to the Netherlands, revealing supply uncertainties for automotive semiconductor products from major semiconductor manufacturer Nexperia. This situation arose following the US announcement to expand the application of the entity list by the end of September 2025, leading to intergovernmental conflicts between the Netherlands and China regarding Nexperia. [Special Feature] ◆ US Tariff Policy: Trump tariffs, with the tariff rate on Japan settling at 15%, and the Supreme Court ruling in December as a policy turning point ◆ EU's New Category Debate: The EU is actively discussing a new category of ultra-small vehicles, M0, which aligns with the European Commission's E-Car concept ◆ Germany's Public-Private Partnership Research: Government subsidy projects for German OEMs focusing on electrification, digitalization, autonomous driving, and data collaboration.