"Kaizaki" refers to the butt joint shape of the butt-welded area, and its design and machining accuracy significantly affect the quality after welding.
"Bevel" (kaisaki), also known as "groove," refers to the gap created between two base materials when they are joined together. This gap is essential to ensure that the welded joint has the same quality and strength as the base materials. Additionally, a design that minimizes the likelihood of welding defects and high processing precision is required. For example, increasing the bevel angle results in a larger amount of welding material, which can lead to increased welding labor and affect the mechanical properties and shape distortion near the weld due to heat input to the base materials. Conversely, narrowing the bevel angle can lead to decreased workability, poor penetration, and the risk of defects such as slag inclusions that cannot be detected from the surface, increasing the likelihood of welding defects. Therefore, the shape and processing of the bevel are crucial, and they are designed to achieve optimal shapes and dimensions considering factors such as the properties and pressure of the fluid, material, thickness, diameter, and welding environment.
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basic information
The basic shape of the groove is defined by JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) and is commonly expressed using letters of the alphabet or katakana characters based on the shape of the joint surfaces (see Figure 1). Under various conditions, the precision management of the groove angle, roughness, and root surface in groove processing, as well as welding technology management, significantly affects the quality of the piping later on. Special attention is required in areas where fatigue strength and brittle fracture strength are concerns. *Brittle fracture refers to the phenomenon where a solid material, when subjected to force, fractures and spreads cracks with little to no deformation occurring.*
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Applications/Examples of results
It is used in a wide range of fields, from large commercial facilities such as office buildings and amusement parks to oil refining plants, large tankers, food and pharmaceutical plants, as well as essential utilities for daily life such as water supply, gas, and power plants.
Detailed information
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Thick-walled welded pipe fittings Especially during butt welding of thick-walled components, the design of the bevel shape significantly affects the quality of the piping after welding.
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The design of bevel shapes, which takes into account various factors such as the thickness (T) of the material and its properties, is extremely complex.
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(Figure 1) The grooves are classified based on the shape of the cross-section of the weld. They are generally compared to letters of the alphabet. Examples include I-shape, V-shape, L-shape, K-shape, J-shape, X-shape, U-shape, double-sided J-shape, and H (double-sided U) shape, among others.
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This is a detailed example of the most common V-shaped notch.
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SU joint When butt welding components with a thickness of less than 4 mm, as in the case of SU pipe joints, an I-shaped groove with a flat end and no angle is used. Normally, filler material (filler metal) is used, but in this case, welding is performed without filler (without filler material), relying solely on melting the base material with the electrode.
Company information
From residential water supply and hot water piping to massive pipelines in large-scale plants, piping that supports daily life is spread all over the world. Benkan Kiko Co., Ltd. is involved in the manufacturing of welded pipe fittings, which are essential piping components. We provide optimal products tailored to the piping environment (design, usage conditions, etc.) and construction circumstances, not only for general building water supply and hot water piping but also for power plants, gas plants, refineries, oil and chemical plants, shipbuilding, and more, where strict quality standards are required.
