Recommended for users of automatic titration devices struggling with non-aqueous titration! A beginner's booklet summarizing tips and applications for titration using organic solvents.
Table of Contents 1. When to perform non-aqueous titration? 2. Solvents used in non-aqueous titration 3. Applications 3-1. Measurement of the factor of perchloric acid c(HClO4) = 0.1 mol/L in glacial acetic acid 3-2. Measurement of the factor of c(KOH) = 0.1 mol/L in alcoholic solvents 3-3. Titration of nitric acid (mixed acid of HNO3/H2SO4) 3-4. Measurement of acid value of petrochemical products using KOH alcoholic solution 3-5. Measurement of hydrochloric acid ephedrine concentration according to European Pharmacopoeia 3-6. Measurement of hydrochloric acid ephedrine concentration according to USP24/25
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basic information
Titration with non-aqueous solvents is primarily performed in the following cases: - When a substance is insoluble in water - When the sample is a fat or oil - When you want to quantitatively determine the components of a mixture of acids or bases individually through titration Instead of water, an appropriate organic solvent is used. The conditions are as follows: - The sample must dissolve in the organic solvent without reacting with it. - It should be possible to quantify the components in the mixture, preferably without using toxic substances or substances harmful to water quality. In most cases, a few types of solvents can suffice. Commonly used solvents include acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, toluene, and glacial acetic acid (concentrated acetic acid), and sometimes mixtures of these two-component solvents are used. The titrant is also not prepared with water. For example, ethanol solutions of NaOH, isopropanol solutions of KOH, ethanol solutions of HCl, and glacial acetic acid solutions of HClO4 are used. If acids or bases dissolve in a protic solvent (like H2O), protolysis occurs. However, the salts generated during titration can also cause protolytic decomposition. In such solvents, it is impossible to differentiate between strong acids of equivalent strength through titration.
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Metrom AG, based in Herisau, Switzerland, is a leading company specializing in ion analysis with over 70 years of history. It provides products and services in more than 140 countries worldwide. Based on Swiss technology developed over many years, the equipment comes with a 3-year warranty.
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