吉田ＳＫＴ List of Products and Services

"I want to test the effectiveness of coatings using materials produced in-house in advance." "I am considering introducing coatings but am struggling with how to select them." To address these concerns, we propose measuring coating performance using our unique know-how, allowing for a comparative review before introducing coatings. Please feel free to consult us about preparing sample pieces. - Do you have any of these issues? During resin molding, resin sticks to molds or extruders, causing problems. After researching, I found that surface treatment is an effective measure to prevent sticking, but there are various types of resins and additives depending on the product, and I don't know which surface treatment to choose. - With our coating performance measurement service, you can use the materials you are currently using to check the adhesion with the coating, facilitating smooth real machine testing. ■ Measurement of Release Force of Melted Resin Pellets We measure the release force between melted resin pellets and the coated surface, allowing you to confirm the degree of peeling from the coating numerically. *For applications and to download materials, please visit the official Yoshida SKT website below.

■ We respond to improvement requests in the production field with surface treatment. ● Stabilization of quality and operation ● Reduction of material costs ● Reduction of work loss ● Speeding up ● Compliance with safety and environmental measures ● Realization of development needs For example, to stabilize quality and operation, we clarify the necessary functions, such as seeking "non-stick properties" to minimize material adhesion to equipment. The functions required on-site are not singular but are interrelated in a complex manner. To maximize the desired effects, it is essential to arrive at optimally customized surface treatments through broad technical considerations. ■ Yoshida SKT translates the desired functions into necessary functions through surface treatment. ● Non-stick properties ● Slipperiness ● Chemical resistance ● Heat resistance / Cold resistance ● Water and oil repellency ● Hydrophilicity ● Wear resistance ● Electrical properties ● Static electricity prevention ● Dimensional stability ● Coating surface roughness adjustment Yoshida SKT proposes optimal surface treatments based on a wide range of coating materials and unique technologies. In cases where the desired effects are not achieved with fluororesin coatings (Teflon coatings), we investigate the causes and derive treatments with the appropriate functions added.

To maximize the effectiveness of surface treatment, it is important to select a surface treatment that is suitable for the application and conditions. - The first two points we would like to confirm for selection are as follows: (1) What kind of trouble are you experiencing? Or what is causing that trouble? (2) What does the ideal state look like after the trouble is resolved? - Furthermore, in order to derive the necessary specifications to move from the issues you are facing to the ideal state, we will confirm the following items: A. About the substrate to be treated B. About the counterpart material (products, etc.) (Do you want to prevent sticking or make it slippery?) C. Environmental conditions of use D. Processes before and after the point where the problem occurs E. Considerations regarding surface treatment - We will listen to your usage applications and environmental conditions to propose the most suitable coating for your application and usage conditions. - At Yoshida SKT, we aim to solve challenges together with our customers by optimizing various materials, not only fluororesins but also super engineering plastics, metals, and ceramics. *For more details, please download the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

Why does fluoropolymer coating repel water? We will introduce the relationship between surface energy, non-stick properties, and water repellency. ■ The relationship between water droplets and surface energy The reason the surface of fluoropolymer coating repels water is that the surface tension of water acts strongly. The same principle applies to sticky substances. In other words, "difficult to wet = difficult to stick." The action of liquid surface tension is strongly related to the surface free energy of solids. Surface free energy is the force that tries to attract the molecules of the contacting counterpart. Water is a substance with higher surface tension compared to oil. When in contact with a solid that has the same surface free energy, oil tends to spread and wet more easily, while water tends to bead up and is harder to wet. The smaller the surface free energy of the solid compared to the liquid it contacts, and the greater the difference, the more difficult it becomes for the liquid to wet (stick). The surface of fluoropolymer coating has very low surface free energy, which allows it to repel not only water but also oil, making it an effective surface treatment for release purposes due to its low tendency to stick. For more details, please check the official Yoshida SKT website from the link below.

Yoshida SKT responds to customer needs by providing surface treatment functions. - Non-stick (function to reduce sticking) Video playback: 0:00 - (For those in a hurry, please start playback from this time) - Low friction (function to enhance slipperiness) Video playback: 2:33 - (For those in a hurry, please start playback from this time) - Corrosion resistance (function to reduce corrosion) Video playback: 4:42 - (For those in a hurry, please start playback from this time) These are introduced through easy-to-understand experimental videos. With Yoshida SKT, we can accommodate a wide variety of substrates and offer suggestions from hundreds of types of coating materials. This broadens the range of coatings that customers can choose from. In addition to functions such as "reducing adhesion of sticky substances" and "improving slipperiness," we also respond meticulously to the varying needs and environments of each customer, such as "requiring precision" or "requiring heat resistance," to achieve reliable effects.

**Representative Types** ■ PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) It has the highest continuous use temperature of 260°C and excels in non-stick and low friction properties. ■ PFA (Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Polymer) It has a low melt viscosity and can achieve a continuous coating with fewer pinholes than PTFE. It is the best-performing fluororesin for high-temperature corrosion resistance. ■ FEP (Perfluoroethylene Propylene Copolymer) An improved resin of PTFE, it has a lower continuous use temperature than PTFE but can achieve a smooth coating with fewer pinholes through sintering. ■ ETFE (Ethylene-Tetrafluoroethylene Copolymer) Due to its excellent mechanical properties, it is highly resistant to wear and is often used for anti-corrosion applications. ■ Modified Types ◎ High-temperature modified type ◎ Low-temperature modified type **Representative Processing Methods** ○ The enamel of fluororesin is applied using a painting machine or manually. ○ Fluororesin powder is applied using electrostatic or special painting machines. Coating processing is easily adaptable to complex shapes and is used in numerous industries. *For more details, please download the PDF and take a look.*

■ The "Non-Stick Property" of Fluoropolymer Non-stick property refers to the characteristic of being easy to release and not adhere, or to adhere less, even to strongly adhesive substances. For example, fluoropolymers excel in water and oil repellency, have a large contact angle, and possess a property of being difficult to wet due to their molecular structure. The measure of wettability, "critical surface tension (γc)," is extremely low for fluoropolymers, making it easy for liquids to be repelled and difficult to wet. Coatings that utilize this functionality are effective for release applications, applications where adhesion needs to be minimized, and for simplifying cleaning. 【Reference Data on Non-Stick Property】 ■ Contact Angle of Water (°) PTFE ... 114 PFA ... 105-110 FEP ... 115 ETFE ... 96 ■ Contact Angle of n-HD (°) PTFE ... 34-45 PFA ... >45 FEP ... 41-45 ETFE ... 28 ■ Surface Free Energy of Solids (dyn/cm) PTFE ... 18.5 PFA ... 17.8 FEP ... 17.8 ETFE ... 22.1 *For detailed information on non-stick properties, please download the PDF or contact us.

Differences in Types and Characteristics of Representative Resins for Teflon Coating and Fluororesin Coating ■ Resin Name PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ■ Characteristics It has the highest continuous use temperature of 260°C, and in addition to heat resistance, it excels in non-stick and low friction properties. ■ Alternative Name Tetrafluoroethylene, 4F ■ Resin Name PFA (Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Polymer) ■ Characteristics An improved resin of PTFE, it has the same continuous use temperature of 260°C as PTFE. It has a low thermal melt viscosity, allowing for a continuous coating with fewer pinholes that could not be achieved with PTFE, making it the best-performing fluororesin for corrosion-resistant coatings. Additionally, PFA is superior in non-stick properties compared to PTFE for certain applications, making it suitable for high-temperature release coatings. ■ Resin Name FEP (Perfluoroethylene Propylene Copolymer) ■ Characteristics An improved resin of PTFE, but with lower heat resistance than PTFE. It can achieve a smooth coating with fewer pinholes through firing. ■ Alternative Name 4F6F, Tetra-hexafluoride

Non-stick properties of 'Teflon coating' require a special processing procedure to ensure adhesion to the substrate. 【Overview of Processing Steps】 ■ Substrate Acceptance ○ Inspection of the substrate will be conducted. ○ If there are any issues that may hinder processing, we may request corrections. ■ Degreasing Treatment ○ Cleaning the substrate of dirt and oil using solvents. ○ Heating the substrate in a furnace to thermally decompose fats and contaminants. ■ Pre-treatment - Blasting ○ The processing surface is blasted to remove rust and dirt, and to create a suitably rough surface. - Etching and Chemical Coating Treatment ○ Pre-treatment is performed according to functionality when blasting is not feasible. ■ Primer Coating ○ A primer is applied to enhance adhesion between the substrate and fluoropolymer. ■ Baking ○ Curing of the primer is performed. ■ Coating - Powder Coating ○ Fluoropolymer powder is applied using a special coating machine. - Enamel Coating ○ Fluoropolymer enamel is applied either by machine or manually. ■ Baking ○ The fluoropolymer is heated and melted to form a coating film. ■ Inspection ○ After processing is completed, we inspect to ensure that the work meets specifications and agreements. For more details, please refer to the PDF.

Here, we introduce part of the quality inspection for Teflon coating. ■ Product Inspection We verify whether the product meets the meeting notes and order specifications based on the meeting minutes, drawings, and individual items. ■ Coating Appearance Inspection The processed coating is visually observed under diffuse daylight (equivalent). In principle, any detection of blisters, cracks, peeling (including interlayer peeling), substrate exposure, or transparency will result in a failure. ■ Film Thickness Measurement Inspection Film thickness refers to the thickness of the processed coating measured using a thickness gauge adjusted based on the substrate board and a standard board placed on top. ■ Pin Hole Inspection Pinholes are a general term for tiny defects that can potentially be detected electrically. However, it typically refers to one type of tiny defect, specifically holes that resemble those made by a needle, found in the remnants of bubbles. *Inspection items may vary depending on the coating specifications. Please contact us for more details.

Baicoat offers a variety of product numbers through a combination of inorganic and organic surface treatment technologies. We received an inquiry from a customer regarding product numbers, so we would like to introduce it. ■Customer Inquiry I would like to know the meaning of the alphabet letters at the beginning of the Baicoat® series. For example, what does "NYK" in "NYK-01" mean? What does 01 represent? ■Our Response "NYK-01" is our specification product number. The first three alphabet letters indicate the type of inorganic surface treatment. "NYK" represents the NYK series, which refers to nickel-based metal coatings. The last two digits indicate the type of organic surface treatment. 01 represents the 01 series, which refers to fluorine-based treatment. *For more details, please download the catalog in PDF format or contact us.

Thanks to our accumulated know-how, we propose fluoropolymer coatings tailored to the base materials, usage environments, and conditions. Depending on the conditions, fluoropolymer coatings can be applied not only to metals but also to rubber, ceramics, and resins. ■ We have a proven track record in many industrial sectors. (Some of the adopted fields) - Automotive parts - Semiconductor industry - Aerospace industry - Chemical industry - Medical and pharmaceutical fields - General industrial sector - Food industry ■ Automotive parts ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Slip / Electrical insulation】 ■ Semiconductor industry ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Arc / Purity】 ■ Medical and pharmaceutical fields ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Slip / Corrosion resistance / Purity】 ■ Chemical industry ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Corrosion resistance / Insulation】 ■ Food industry ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Slip / Water repellency】 ■ General industrial sector ● Required functions of fluoropolymer coatings 【Non-stick / Slip / Release】 *For more details, please download the PDF or contact us.

"Non-stick" refers to a property that makes it easy to release from strongly adhesive materials, meaning it either does not adhere or adheres with difficulty. Utilizing non-stick properties, we introduce surface treatments (coatings) that are effective for release applications, applications where adhesion needs to be minimized, and for simplifying cleaning. [Surface treatments chosen for non-stick and release purposes (partial list)] ■ Non-stick, lubricity, heat and cold resistance, chemical resistance, water and oil repellency, electrical properties 'Teflon (TM) fluoropolymer coating' ■ Release properties, high hardness, dimensional stability, lubricity, wear resistance 'Bicoat (R)' ■ Prevention of adhesion of highly adhesive materials 'Adhesive release coating series' 'MRS coating' (silicone-based coating) ■ Release of molten resin at high temperatures 'FSR coating' *For more details, please click to download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

Coatings that excel in rust prevention, corrosion resistance, and anti-corrosion properties are surface treatments designed to prevent deterioration or alteration caused by chemical agents (chemical resistance) and to provide a function that protects against dirt by making it difficult for water to penetrate. Fluororesin, which has excellent chemical resistance due to its structure, possesses extremely high chemical resistance against most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, and is also a material with very low water absorption. Therefore, fluororesin coatings are suitable for protecting substrates from corrosion caused by chemicals in a versatile manner. 【Selected Surface Treatments (Partial)】 ■ Chemical Resistance - Fluororesin Coating (Teflon Coating) ■ Chemical Resistance + Penetration Resistance - MY Lining(R) ■ Chemical Resistance + Static Electricity Prevention - Saflon(R) AP+ ■ Chemical Resistance + Room Temperature Processing - Cerashield - Cerashield F ■ Weather Resistance - Fluororesin Coating (Teflon Coating) - Cerashield F *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

In manufacturing equipment, improving the sliding properties (lubrication) of areas where two objects come into contact and move is essential for ensuring smooth operation and enabling movement with less force. - PTFE, a representative of fluororesins, especially Teflon fluororesin, has a low coefficient of friction, with the static friction coefficient being smaller than the dynamic friction coefficient, allowing for smooth sliding without stick-slip phenomena. - Bycoat(R) is a super-durable fluorine-based organic coating system that combines inorganic materials with high hardness and fluororesin, resulting in high hardness and excellent sliding properties. - Super TP coating allows for unique convex surface coating with all-fluorine even on flat substrates. It is a coating with excellent sliding properties achieved through control of the contact area. 【Selected Surface Treatments】 ■ Sliding and Low Friction - Teflon(TM) fluororesin coating ■ Lubrication, Wear Resistance, and High Hardness - Bycoat(R) ■ Sliding Properties through Contact Area Control (Fluororesin-based) - Super TP - Super TP Hemispherical Graphic *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

■Non-stickiness: It refers to the property of being easily released from strongly adhesive substances, either not adhering at all or having a tendency to adhere less. ■Water repellency: It refers to the property of repelling liquids and not getting wet when they come into contact with the surface. 【Reference data for non-stickiness and water repellency】 ■Contact angle of water (°) PTFE ... 114 PFA ... 105-110 FEP ... 115 ETFE ... 96 ■Contact angle of n-HD (°) PTFE ... 34-45 PFA ... >45 FEP ... 41-45 ETFE ... 28 ■Surface free energy of solids (dyne/cm) PTFE ... 18.5 PFA ... 17.8 FEP ... 17.8 ETFE ... 22.1 ■Low friction: It has a slippery feel and a low coefficient of friction, providing excellent lubricity. 【Reference data for low friction】 ■Static friction coefficient (μ) PTFE ... 0.02-0.04 PFA ... 0.04-0.05 FEP ... 0.05-0.06 ETFE ... 0.07-0.08 *The values are general characteristics and are not guaranteed. *For more details, please contact us.

Types and Characteristics of Representative Resins for Teflon Coating and Fluororesin Coating ■ Resin Name PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ■ Characteristics It has the highest continuous use temperature of 260°C, and in addition to heat resistance, it also excels in non-stick properties and low friction characteristics. ■ Alternative Name Tetrafluoroethylene, 4F ■ Resin Name PFA (Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Polymer) ■ Characteristics An improved resin of PTFE, it has the same continuous use temperature of 260°C as PTFE. It has a low thermal melt viscosity, allowing for a continuous coating with fewer pinholes that could not be achieved with PTFE, making it the best-performing fluororesin for corrosion-resistant coatings. Additionally, PFA is superior in non-stick properties compared to PTFE for certain applications, making it suitable for high-temperature release coatings. ■ Resin Name FEP (Perfluoroethylene Propylene Copolymer) ■ Characteristics An improved resin of PTFE, but with lower heat resistance than PTFE. It can achieve a smooth coating with fewer pinholes through sintering. ■ Alternative Name 4F6F, Tetrafluoro-hexafluoropropylene

■What is blasting? Blasting is a surface treatment method that involves spraying blast materials (various abrasive particles) onto the surface of a product using compressed air or similar means to remove rust and dirt from the substrate surface. The particles that collide with the surface act as "impact" or "cutting." Although the energy of a single blast particle is minimal, the continuous bombardment of countless particles results in a significant effect on the surface. ■Blasting as a pre-treatment In addition to cleaning the surface, blasting increases the surface area through roughening, which generates an anchor effect that greatly enhances adhesion during coating processes. Therefore, it is extremely effective not only for fluoropolymer coatings but also as a pre-treatment for processes such as thermal spraying and plating. Additionally, blasting can improve the wettability of liquids. To fully realize the performance of fluoropolymer coatings, pre-treatment is a crucial process. At Yoshida SKT, we select blast materials and treatment methods suitable for coatings and substrates to process fluoropolymer coatings. *For more details, please check the link below or feel free to contact us.

■ What is the degreasing process? It is the process of removing oils, fats, and dirt that are attached to the surface to be coated. ■ Issues arising from insufficient degreasing It can lead to problems such as the coating material repelling, poor adhesion of the paint film, and the occurrence of appearance defects like stains. ■ Types of degreasing methods - Air roasting - Solvent cleaning ■ Air roasting process The substrate is heated in a roasting furnace to a temperature above the coating processing temperature, allowing oils and other substances to be oxidized and burned off. Typically, roasting is performed for several hours at temperatures exceeding 400°C. ■ Advantages of air roasting - No toxic gases are generated during the decomposition of oils, which are broken down into water and carbon dioxide. - It can completely decompose all organic components that could cause problems during the coating firing process. - It can accommodate large products as long as they fit into the roasting furnace. Fluoropolymer coatings, which excel in non-stick properties, adhere firmly to the substrate and perform effectively when a proper degreasing process (surface preparation) is carried out. * For an overview of the fluoropolymer coating process, please download the PDF or feel free to consult us.

■Types of Lubrication Lubrication can be broadly divided into liquid lubrication using liquids and solid lubrication using solids. A representative example of liquid lubrication is lubrication with oil. On the other hand, lubrication with fluororesin falls under the category of solid lubrication. ■Characteristics of Solid Lubrication Solid lubrication is used in cases where liquids cannot be used or when liquids evaporate or detach in a vacuum. For example, when sliding products, solid lubrication is useful in cases where liquid lubricants would dirty the products. ■Lubricity and Low Friction of Fluororesin (PTFE) Fluororesin has a low coefficient of friction and is used as a solid lubricant. Fluororesin PTFE is structured such that fluorine atoms surround carbon atoms without gaps. The free energy of the fluorine atoms on the molecular surface is low, and the molecules have a very small polarity due to their symmetrical structure. The low coefficient of friction of PTFE is believed to be influenced by this type of molecular structure. ■Reasons for the Low Coefficient of Friction of Fluororesin PTFE → For more details, please check the basic information section.

■What is the "Water Repellency" of Fluororesin? "Water/Oil Repellency" refers to the property of a material's surface to repel water and oil. A well-known example that illustrates this property is the lotus leaf. The lotus leaf utilizes this water repellency to keep itself clean and less prone to wetting, allowing for smooth photosynthesis. Teflon fluororesin also possesses this "water/oil repellency." For instance, even if a liquid tends to spread on a material, applying a Teflon fluororesin coating to the surface can impart water/oil repellency, causing the liquid to bead up and reducing its tendency to spread. You can find detailed information in the PDF document below. ---------------------------------------- 1. What is water/oil repellency? 2. Reasons why Teflon fluororesin excels in water/oil repellency ~Surface Free Energy~ 2-1. What is surface free energy? 2-2. The relationship between water repellency and surface free energy 3. Methods to confirm water/oil repellency ~Contact Angle~ 4. Applications of water/oil repellency ---------------------------------------- *For more details, you can download the document or view it through the link below.

■What is the "Chemical Resistance" of Fluororesin? "Chemical resistance" refers to durability against various chemicals. The types of chemicals include acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, and it is said to have "chemical resistance" when it does not dissolve (dissolve), swell (swell), or react to them. Fluororesin is not affected by almost all chemicals. You can check the detailed explanation in the PDF document. ■INDEX 1. What is chemical resistance? 2. Effects of chemicals on resin 3. Reasons why Teflon fluororesin excels in chemical resistance 4. What can be done using chemical resistance *For more details, please download the document or contact us.

■ What is "corrosion resistance"? "Corrosion resistance" refers to the property of being less prone to corrosion reactions and oxidation. In the field of corrosion prevention, which requires corrosion (anti-corrosion) properties, terms such as "light anti-corrosion" and "heavy anti-corrosion" may be used depending on the degree of corrosiveness. You can find detailed information in the PDF document below. ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー 1. What is corrosion resistance? 2. How to prevent corrosion 3. Corrosion resistance of Teflon fluoropolymer coatings 4. Characteristics of Teflon fluoropolymer coatings for corrosion-resistant applications 4-1. No pinholes or defects in the coating film 4-2. Thickening of the coating film 5. What can be achieved by utilizing the corrosion resistance of Teflon fluoropolymer coatings ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー * For more details, you can download the document or view it at the link below. ▼ "Protecting the substrate from chemicals!" Explanation of the corrosion resistance of Teflon fluoropolymer coatings ▼

Differences in the characteristics of representative Teflon fluoropolymers "PTFE" and "PFA" ■ Resin Name PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ■ Characteristics This is the first fluororesin discovered and developed. It has a continuous use temperature of 260°C, excellent heat resistance, low friction properties, and non-stick characteristics. It has a high melt viscosity, making injection molding difficult, but it is used as a coating for frying pans and hot plates. ■ Resin Name PFA (Perfluoroalkoxyalkane Polymer) ■ Characteristics This is an improved resin of PTFE, with the same continuous use temperature of 260°C. It has a low thermal melt viscosity, allowing for molding such as injection molding. It can achieve a coating with fewer pinholes, which was not possible with PTFE, making it the fluororesin with the best performance for corrosion-resistant coating materials, including chemical resistance and heat resistance. Additionally, PFA is superior in non-stick properties for certain applications compared to PTFE, and it is also used as a coating material for release coatings, being processed for items like the inner pot of rice cookers. *For more details, please download the PDF and check.

■What is Friction Friction occurs when two objects come into contact and move against each other, generating resistance on their surfaces. The force that arises during this process, which acts as a hindrance, is called frictional force. There are two types of friction: static friction and kinetic friction. The resistance force that acts until the objects start moving is called static friction, while the resistance force that acts after they start moving is called kinetic friction. ■Characteristics of PTFE Fluoropolymer PTFE has an exceptionally low resistance due to friction compared to other resins. The static friction coefficient of PTFE is about 0.04, allowing it to move two objects in contact with a small force. ■Low Friction Properties of Fluoropolymer (PTFE) Fluoropolymer (PTFE) has a low friction coefficient and is also used as a solid lubricant. PTFE has a structure where fluorine atoms tightly surround carbon atoms. The free energy of the fluorine atoms on the molecular surface is low, and the molecules exhibit extremely low polarity in their structural characteristics. This molecular structure is believed to influence the low friction coefficient of PTFE. ■Reasons for the Low Friction Coefficient of Fluoropolymer PTFE → Please check the basic information section for more details.

■Chemical Resistance of Teflon / Fluororesin Teflon resin has high chemical resistance and does not dissolve, swell, or react with most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents. ■Reasons for the Excellent Chemical Resistance of Teflon / Fluororesin A major reason for the excellent chemical resistance of Teflon resin and fluororesin is its stable molecular structure. Teflon resin and fluororesin have a molecular structure where carbon atoms and fluorine atoms are connected in a linear chain. The bond energy of the carbon-fluorine (C-F) bond is very strong among chemical bonds, and furthermore, the C-C bond between carbon atoms is completely covered by fluorine atoms in a helical manner. Therefore, even when in contact with chemicals or solvents, they remain inert and do not degrade or dissolve as a resin, which means they have excellent chemical resistance. ■Products Utilizing the Chemical Resistance of Teflon / Fluororesin The chemical resistance of Teflon resin and fluororesin is used in various products in the chemical industry, semiconductor field, and medical and pharmaceutical sectors, such as: - Various gaskets - Packing materials - Pipes and hoses - Storage tanks - Reaction vessels - Heat exchangers *For more details, please download the materials or refer to the link below.*

■What is Blast Treatment? Blast treatment is a surface treatment method that involves spraying blast materials (various types of abrasives) onto the surface of a product using compressed air, to remove rust and dirt from the substrate surface. ■Surface Preparation for Coating Surface preparation by blasting not only cleans the surface but also increases the surface area through roughening, which enhances the anchoring effect and significantly improves adhesion during coating processes. Therefore, it is suitable for preparing surfaces for many coatings and is commonly used in pre-treatment. Additionally, blasting can improve the wettability of paints, making it optimal for surface preparation for painting as well. To fully realize the performance of coatings, surface preparation is a crucial step. At Yoshida SKT, we select blast materials and treatment methods suitable for coatings and substrates, and we process Teflon coatings and fluororesin coatings. *For more details, please click the link below or feel free to contact us.

[Materials Document Featuring All 13 Types of Super Engineering Plastics Characteristics] ■PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ■PFA (Tetrafluoroethylene-Perfluorovinyl Ether Copolymer) ■FEP (Tetrafluoroethylene-Hexafluoropropylene Copolymer) ■PCTFE (Chlorotrifluoroethylene Homopolymer) ■ETFE (Tetrafluoroethylene-Ethylene Copolymer) ■ECTFE (Chlorotrifluoroethylene-Ethylene Copolymer) ■PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride Homopolymer) ■PBI (Polybenzimidazole) ■PEEK (Polyether Ether Ketone) ■PI (Polyimide) ■PAI (Polyamide Imide) ■PES (Polyether Sulfone) ■PPS (Polyphenylene Sulfide) *For more details, please download and view the PDF. The characteristic tables are for general properties and do not guarantee the physical properties by our company.

■Features of PTFE Coating PTFE has the characteristic of having extremely low resistance due to friction compared to other resins. By processing PTFE coating, the static friction coefficient of the substrate surface can be reduced, allowing two objects in contact to be moved with a small force. ■Low Friction of PTFE Coating - Due to the strong atomic bonds within PTFE molecules, the intermolecular forces of the contacting material with PTFE molecules are reduced. - Friction (sliding) causes PTFE molecules to adhere slightly to the contacting material, resulting in sliding between PTFE molecules. - The surface of PTFE molecules has a smooth structure with few irregularities. - The orientation of PTFE molecules makes it easier to alleviate friction resistance. It is believed that the molecular structure influences the low friction coefficient of PTFE coating. *For more details on fluoropolymer coatings, including PTFE coatings, please download the catalog or contact us.*

■Reasons why fluoropolymer (PTFE) excels in heat and cold resistance The molecular structure of PTFE consists of carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds surrounded completely by fluorine atoms (F). The breaking of C-C bonds or C-F bonds at high temperatures is one aspect of "PTFE degradation." The C-C bonds are less likely to break because they are protected by the fluorine atoms (F). The bond strength of C-F bonds within PTFE molecules is significantly greater than that of bonds between other atoms. Additionally, the high bond energy of C-F bonds is another reason for its excellent heat and cold resistance. ■Applications utilizing the heat and cold resistance of fluoropolymers In the case of fluoropolymer coatings, for example, baking molds utilize the non-stick properties provided by the coating to prevent baked goods from sticking to the mold. Furthermore, since it also possesses heat resistance, it can be safely used in applications such as baking in an oven. Additionally, in household irons, the heat plate is coated with fluoropolymer to take advantage of its smoothness and heat-resistant properties. For more details, please click the link or contact us.

■Do you have any of these troubles? When molding plastic, resin sticks to molds and extruders, causing issues. After researching various options, I found that surface treatment is an effective way to prevent sticking. However, there are various types of resins and additives depending on the product, and I don't know which surface treatment to choose. - With our coating performance measurement service, you can use the materials you are currently using to check the adhesion with the coating, allowing for a smoother real machine test. ■Measurement of release force of molten resin pellets We measure the release force between molten resin pellets and the coated surface, allowing you to quantify the degree of peeling from the coating. For concerns and troubles regarding coating selection, Yoshida SKT offers measurement of coating performance with our unique know-how. Please feel free to consult us about preparing sample pieces. *For applications and to download materials, please visit the official Yoshida SKT website below.

■Development Background of Thin Film Fluororesin Coating "10under" Fluororesin coatings are sometimes requested to be processed in thin films of around 10μm when dimensional stability of the substrate is a priority. However, in the case of standard fluororesin coatings, a thickness of at least 20-50μm has been required to maintain good appearance and performance. Even so, when requests for thin film processing arise, we sometimes propose a "modified type" of fluororesin coating with a different coating structure. However, there were challenges with the modified type not being able to deliver the necessary functions. Yoshida SKT has worked on development to solve these challenges, resulting in the creation of the "Thin Film Fluororesin Coating '10under.'" ■Features of 10under - Non-stick properties equivalent to standard fluororesin coatings - Capable of processing thin films of around 10μm, reducing dimensional changes - While being a thin film, it suppresses transparency *For more details, please download the materials or contact us.*

■What is the Thin Film Fluoropolymer Coating "10under"? Fluoropolymer coatings may be requested in a thin film form when dimensional stability of the substrate is a priority. In the case of standard fluoropolymer coatings, a thickness of at least 20-50μm has been required to maintain appearance and performance. Yoshida SKT has worked on development to meet these requests and has announced the "Thin Film Fluoropolymer Coating '10under'." ■Features of 10under - Non-stick properties equivalent to standard fluoropolymer coatings - Capable of thin film processing of approximately 10μm, reducing dimensional changes - Suppresses transparency despite being a thin film *For more details, please download the materials or contact us.*

This is an introduction to one of the inspection processes for Teflon coating, the visual inspection. 【Three Points of Visual Inspection】 ■ Coating Processing Range We visually confirm whether the coating film after processing is in accordance with the discussed matters and your order by referring to the drawings and individual specifications. We mainly check the processing range of the coating and, if there are any masking specifications, we confirm the designated areas and ranges. ■ Confirmation of Specified Coating Materials We verify whether the processing specifications are in accordance with the discussed matters and the order form. This mainly involves checking the color tone of the coating and processing records. ■ Confirmation of Coating Film Quality We check the quality of the coating film. The method primarily involves visual inspection and touch. Depending on the size of any abnormalities, tools such as magnifying glasses are used to ensure that there are no defects in the coating film (such as cracks, foreign matter adhesion, blisters, peeling, or damage) across the entire surface of the film. *For more details on visual inspection, please visit our website via the link or contact us.*

Here, we will introduce the measurement inspection of Teflon coating thickness. When you consult about Teflon coating, if a thickness is agreed upon during the meeting, we will conduct a thickness measurement inspection during the post-processing inspection process to confirm whether the thickness has been processed according to the meeting or the order form. ■ Unit of Thickness In coating thickness measurement, the unit commonly used is "μm (micrometers)" = one-thousandth of a millimeter. ■ Specifications of Thickness The thickness varies depending on the specifications and applications. For fluororesin coatings, it is often around 20-50μm for general purposes and more than 300μm for corrosion-resistant applications. ■ Measurement Method In thickness measurement inspections, a thickness gauge is primarily used for confirmation. This method is a non-destructive type of inspection that does not damage the coating. The thickness gauge typically measures the thickness of the coating by pressing a probe, known as a "probe," vertically against the surface of the coating processed on the metal substrate. *For more details about the thickness measurement inspection, please visit our website via the link or contact us.

Why is it a problem if there are pinholes in the Teflon coating film in the first place? In a typical fluororesin coating (thickness: 20-50 μm), there are countless holes (pinholes) that are invisible to the eye and reach the substrate. For applications that require non-stick or slippery properties, these pinholes rarely have a negative impact on performance. However, in applications where corrosion resistance is required, chemicals can reach the substrate (metal) through the pinholes, causing corrosion and leading to holes or causing the coating to peel off. To eliminate pinholes, the coating can be thickened by applying multiple layers, ensuring that there are no pinholes that connect the coating surface to the substrate. At Yoshida SKT, we conduct inspections using insulation resistance meters, pinhole testers, and chemical detection methods according to the coating specifications and substrates. These methods are non-destructive tests that do not damage the coating film. *For more details on pinhole inspection, please visit our website via the link or contact us.*

■The "non-stick property" of fluoropolymer… Non-stick property refers to the characteristic of being easy to release and not adhere, or to adhere less, even to strongly adhesive substances. For example, fluoropolymers have excellent water and oil repellency, a large contact angle, and due to their molecular structure, they possess a property of being difficult to wet. The measure of wettability, "critical surface tension (γc)," is extremely low for fluoropolymers, making it easy for liquids to be repelled and difficult to wet. Coatings that utilize such functions are effective for release applications, applications where adhesion needs to be minimized, and for simplifying cleaning. 【Reference data on non-stick properties】 ■Surface free energy of solids (dyn/cm) PTFE…18.5 PFA…17.8 FEP…17.8 ETFE…22.1 Fluoropolymers have low surface treatment free energy and possess properties that make them difficult to bond with various liquids and solids. By coating with fluoropolymer, dirt is less likely to stick and becomes easier to clean. *For detailed information on fluoropolymer coatings and non-stick properties, please download the PDF or contact us.

■Is the chemical resistance of fluoropolymer high? Fluoropolymers have high chemical resistance and do not dissolve, swell, or react with most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents. ■Reasons for the high chemical resistance of fluoropolymers A major reason for the excellent chemical resistance of fluoropolymers is their stable molecular structure. Fluoropolymers are high molecular weight polymers with carbon atoms and fluorine atoms bonded in a linear chain structure. The bond energy between carbon and fluorine atoms (C-F) is very strong among chemical bonds, and furthermore, the C-C bond sections between carbon atoms are completely covered by fluorine atoms in a helical manner. Therefore, they remain inert when in contact with chemicals or solvents, and do not degrade or dissolve as a resin, which means they have excellent chemical resistance. ■Uses of fluoropolymers The chemical resistance of fluoropolymers is utilized in the chemical industry, semiconductor industry, and medical and pharmaceutical fields in products such as: - Various gaskets - Seals - Piping and hoses - Storage tanks - Reaction vessels - Heat exchangers *For more details, please download the materials or refer to the link below.

■Reasons why fluoropolymer (PTFE) excels in heat resistance and cold resistance The molecular structure of PTFE is such that fluorine atoms (F) surround the C-C bonds without any gaps. The breaking of C-C bonds and C-F bonds at high temperatures is one aspect of "PTFE degradation." The C-C bonds are less likely to break because they are protected by the surrounding fluorine atoms (F). The bond strength of C-F bonds within PTFE molecules is significantly greater than that of other atomic bonds. Additionally, the high bond energy of C-F bonds is another reason for its excellent heat and cold resistance. ■Applications utilizing the heat and cold resistance of fluoropolymers In the case of fluoropolymer coatings, for example, baking molds utilize the non-stick properties provided by the coating to prevent baked goods from sticking to the mold. Furthermore, since it also possesses heat resistance, it can be safely used in applications where it is baked in an oven. Additionally, in household irons, the heat plate is coated with fluoropolymer to take advantage of its smoothness and heat-resistant properties. For more details, please click the link or contact us.

■Types of Lubrication Lubrication can be broadly divided into liquid lubrication using liquids and solid lubrication using solids. A representative example of liquid lubrication is lubrication with oil. On the other hand, lubrication with fluororesin falls under the category of solid lubrication. ■Characteristics of Solid Lubrication Solid lubrication is used in cases where liquids cannot be used or when liquids may evaporate or detach in a vacuum. For example, when sliding products, solid lubrication is helpful in situations where liquid lubricants may dirty the products. ■Low Friction and Sliding Properties of Fluororesin (PTFE) Fluororesin has a low coefficient of friction and is utilized for solid lubrication. PTFE is structured such that fluorine atoms surround carbon atoms without gaps. The free energy of the fluorine atoms on the molecular surface is low, and the molecule has a very small polarity in its target structure. The low coefficient of friction of PTFE is believed to be influenced by this type of molecular structure. ■Reasons for the Low Coefficient of Friction of Fluororesin PTFE → Please check the basic information section for more details.

Baicoat offers a variety of product numbers through a combination of inorganic and organic surface treatment technologies. "NYK-01" is a surface treatment that combines a nickel-based metal coating with fluororesin. "NYK-01" includes product numbers such as "NYK-01-C" and "NYK-01-G," each with specific features like adjustments to surface roughness. In Baicoat, the first three letters (NYK) indicate the type of inorganic surface treatment. The last two digits represent the type of organic surface treatment. The "01" signifies the fluorine-based treatment as part of the 01 series. *For more details, please download the catalog in PDF format or contact us.*

Baicoat offers a variety of product numbers through a combination of inorganic and organic surface treatment technologies. 'NOO-01' is a surface treatment that combines a chromium-based metal coating with fluororesin. The 'NOO-01' has product numbers such as 'NOO-01-G', each featuring characteristics like adjustments to surface roughness. In Baicoat, the first three letters (NOO) indicate the type of inorganic surface treatment. The last two digits represent the type of organic surface treatment. '01' signifies the fluorine-based treatment in the 01 series. *For more details, please download the catalog in PDF format or contact us.*

Baicoat offers a variety of product numbers through a combination of inorganic and organic surface treatment technologies. 'NYF-11' is a surface treatment that combines a nickel-based metal coating with fluororesin. 'NYF-11' has product numbers such as 'NYF-11-C', which features adjustments for surface roughness. Additionally, 'NYF-11-S' can be considered a product number from the 'NYF series' that excels in release properties and non-stick characteristics. In Baicoat, the first three letters (NYF) indicate the type of inorganic surface treatment. The last two digits represent the type of organic surface treatment. The number 11 signifies the fluorine-based treatment as part of the 11 series. *For more details, please download the catalog in PDF format or contact us.*

Baicoat offers a variety of product numbers through a combination of inorganic and organic surface treatment technologies. 'NYF-55' is a surface treatment that combines a nickel-based metal coating with fluororesin. 'NYF-55' is a coating product number that can be described as part of the Baicoat series, known for its superior release and non-stick properties within the 'NYF series'. In Baicoat, the first three letters (NYF) represent the type of inorganic surface treatment. The last two digits indicate the type of organic surface treatment. Baicoat has various variations and is a surface treatment technology that can be customized to meet customer applications. *For more details, please download the catalog in PDF format or contact us.*

There are various types of resin for fluoropolymer coatings, depending on the application environment. At Yoshida SKT, we specify materials and processing according to the product number. 'QCE-033M' is a type of PFA coating. Among fluoropolymer coatings, it is characterized by excellent non-stick properties, smoothness, and minimal defects. 【What is PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy Alkane Polymer)?】 ■Features It is an improved resin of PTFE, having the same continuous use temperature of 260°C as PTFE. With a low thermal melt viscosity, it can achieve a continuous film with fewer pinholes than PTFE, making it the highest-performing fluoropolymer for corrosion-resistant coatings. Additionally, PFA is superior in non-stick properties compared to PTFE for certain applications, and is used as a high-temperature release coating. For more details, please download the materials or contact us.