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Optics: Prism
Optical prisms are used to change the direction of light at specific angles. Optical prisms are ideal for adjusting the angle of incidence of light rays and the orientation of images. The design shape of the prism determines how light interacts with it. When light enters the prism, it either reflects individually off multiple optical surfaces or refracts as it travels through the prism substrate before exiting. For example, when light enters a right-angle prism, it reflects off one optical surface and bends its direction by 90°. When light enters a wedge prism, it refracts and deflects due to changes in the substrate thickness.