Tohoku Techno Arch Co., Ltd. Product Lineup

Oxygen flowmeters are widely used in medical settings, including respiratory therapy, and in life-support devices such as heart-lung machines for serious cases. Currently, medical professionals monitor the flow rate every few hours. When it is used for a heart-lung machine for a child, it is necessary to adjust the flow rate in small amounts every few weeks, and if the flow rate stops, the result will be fatal every minute.　 　The monitoring device developed in this study can monitor the flow rate change from the outside by visual display, auditory display or both display without touching the inside of the flowmeter. [Practicality]　 ・Notice that the cylinder is empty 　The device constantly monitors that the floater is within lower to upper limit of the flow rate, and instantly notifies you when the cylinder is empty as well as when the flow rate changes. 　・Malfunction prevention 　By setting two pairs of light-emitting part and light receiving sensors up and down, it can be seen which sensor caught the floater first, so it can be seen whether the floater came from above or below. If it is judged that the floater deviated from the monitoring measurement range, an alarm is activated.

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By analyzing the status of the biological clock of living cells, it is expected to be useful for one's own physical condition, disease diagnosis and prevention. Conventional methods for collecting cells include skin biopsy, liposuction, hair collection, and oral mucosa collection with a cotton swab, but all of these methods are highly invasive. The present invention relates to a device capable of collecting cells from the mucosa minimally invasively using ultrasound.　 　To repeatedly collect cells from the mucosal tissue, a minimally invasive cell collection device was fabricated using a Langevin type vibrator, a metal rod, and a jig with a flow path. In a cell collection experiment from porcine esophageal mucosal tissue, approximately 3,000 cells were collected per minute.

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　Although the knocking phenomenon is a hindrance to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the engine, the detailed mechanism of the occurrence of knocking has been difficult to fully understand due to the complex interaction of hydrodynamics and chemical reactions. 　The inventors performed DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation) to calculate the basic equations of a reactive fluid, and confirmed the agreement with experimental data of knocking for the first time in the world [1]. Further, by analyzing the mechanism of the occurrence of knocking in detail, it was found that there was a "critical condition" in which a flame, which is a combustion chemical reaction wave, could not exist as a flame and had to transition to severe overall ignition under extreme conditions. From this, an equivalent theory of ignition and flame was constructed, and the conditions for the occurrence of knocking were successfully derived [2]. 　The present invention makes it possible to predict the occurrence of knocking accurately and relatively simply, which has been impossible until now.

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In recent years, there has been a demand for mass culture of cells in fields such as pharmaceutical manufacturing. In order to grow cells stably in culture, lactic acid (a cellular waste product that adversely affects cells) that accumulates in the culture medium must be removed. Until now, lactic acid was removed from the culture medium using the principle of dialysis. However, in order to remove lactic acid sufficiently, the volume of the component preparation liquid tank was set to be more than 10 times the volume of the cell culture tank, so there was a problem that the required volume of liquid was enormous and costly.　 The present invention has made it possible to provide a new lactic acid removal technology that reduces the negative effects of lactic acid and lactic acid removal treatment on the growth of cells and microorganisms while increasing the lactic acid removal efficiency. An embodiment of the present invention is a lactic acid adsorbent, characterized in that it comprises a layered double hydroxide having anions and water molecules retained between layers of a plurality of metal hydroxide layers. When the present invention comes into contact with a solution containing lactic acid, lactic acid in the solution is adsorbed. Thus, the removal efficiency of lactic acid can be enhanced.

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In the method for measuring/simulating the radio wave propagation characteristics in the space, the simulation is carried out by reflecting the interference to the measurement value derived from the cable caused by the wired connection between the measurement equipment, the specification of the radio communication adopted when the measurement equipment is connected wirelessly, the effect of the shape of the space and the existence of the obstacle in the space, but there was a problem in the accuracy of the simulation result.　 In the radio wave measurement technology introduced this time, the above-mentioned problem was solved by carrying out the radio wave measurement using the radio communication between the measurement equipment (base station and mobile terminal). In this technology, the time, frequency and phase are synchronized with each other between the base station and the mobile terminal, and the propagation characteristics of the radio wave which carries out radio communication between the mobile terminal and the base station moving in the measurement object space are continuously measured in time series in association with each position information of the mobile terminal. Currently, some principle verification has been carried out on the radio wave measurement result/visualization in the case of propagation failure, etc.

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Since two characteristics of high permeability and high magnetostriction are required for the magnetic material constituting the magnetostrictive part of the rotating shaft of the conventional torque sensor, an amorphous alloy is suitable. However, when a amorphous alloy foil is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft with an adhesive, there is a problem that sufficient detection characteristics cannot be obtained because adhesion to the rotating shaft is poor. In addition, even when a metallic spray coating is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft by a high-speed spraying process, there is a problem that a fine amorphous metal powder must be used, which increases the manufacturing cost.　 The invention has made it possible to provide a torque sensor and its manufacturing method with improved torque detection characteristics and manufacturing cost. The invention has a magnetostrictive part including a metallic glass coating on the surface of a rotating shaft. The metallic glass coating is characterized in that a flame including the metallic powder is jetted to melt the metallic powder, and the metallic glass coating is formed using a cooling method before the flame reaches the surface of the rotating shaft. Thus, a magnetostrictive part is formed easily and quickly. It also exhibits excellent characteristics for torque detection.

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Invention of drive mechanism for all-directional movement suitable in a small area All-directional movement with simple mechanism 　Conventional : Complex & large drive mechanism Need to control many inputs by synchronization 　Invention : Simple & small with only 5 components All-directional movement by simply changing the rotation speed ratio of 2 inputs Excellent step traversability & runnability 　Traversability: Experimental confirmation of traversing a step having the same height as the wheel radius 　　　　　⇒ Able to climb over indoor thresholds and carpets 　Runnability: 1 Even 1 wheel spins out, the other wheels will move 　　　　　⇒ Runs even on uneven flooring and outdoor surfaces 2 Magnetic cog-wheel with non-contact gear is used for power transmission 　　　　　⇒ Runs in dusty and large temperature gap environments 　　　　　⇒ Able to operate in sanitary environment where machine oil is not appropriated

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　Traditionally, porous metals have been used in the field of exhaust gas purification catalysts. As this porous metal, porous metal thin films containing pores in which one or more holes are formed are known. Also disclosed are porous metal particles having a pore size of 1 μm or less formed by fusing a contact part with a plurality of metal fine particles having a primary particle size of 200 nm or less. However, there is a problem that the conventional porous metal does not have sufficient catalytic activity when used as a catalyst for exhaust gas purification. 　The present invention has made it possible to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst having excellent oxidation performance of CO and sufficiently high catalytic activity, and a method for producing the catalyst. In the present invention, after obtaining an alloy containing a specific metal and Al, Al is eluted from the alloy to obtain a porous metal having pores having a small central pore diameter. The diameter of the central pore of the present invention is 1~15 nm. It has been confirmed that a catalyst for exhaust gas purification equipped with a porous metal having such a central pore diameter has high catalytic activity.

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Many drugs have been developed from natural products produced by filamentous fungi. On the other hand, it has been reported that many biosynthetic genes of unexplored natural products that can be candidates for drugs are dormant on the genome of filamentous fungi. Using a large-scale genome rearrangement technology "TAQing system (A technique in which the restriction enzyme TAQI is introduced into a cell to simultaneously and multiply break DNA double strands, followed by recombination repair to produce a variety of genomic rearrangements)," the inventors generated a number of mutant strains of filamentous fungi in which dormant biosynthetic genes were activated, and succeeded in remarkably inducing the production of natural products not produced by wild strains. 　The development of a secondary metabolic activation method using the TAQing system has been investigated using the model filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans.

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　Age-related hearing loss makes everyday communication, such as talking, difficult for older adults. Although support with devices such as hearing aids has become mainstream for older adults with hearing loss, it has not been possible for older adults to improve their own hearing. Conventional methods for improving hearing include listening to sounds with white noise, but the problem is that the training cannot be continued because it is monotonous and boring.　 　The present invention is a method for training hearing by gradually reducing the volume of auditory stimuli while playing a game (brain training). Because of the game format, older adults can continue training in a fun and motivating manner. In addition, it is expected that the hearing of older adults will be improved and they will be able to lead a comfortable life regardless of the equipment and environment.

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Diabetic kidney disease(DKD) occurs in approximately 20-30% of all diabetic subjects. It is difficult to identify type 2 diabetes patients who are at risk of developing progressive DKD based only measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria. In this study, from animal experiments and the U-CARE cohort study, inventors showed that phenyl sulfate(PS) could be a predictor and a risk factor for developing progressive DKD.

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"Percutaneous administration" which penetrates the drug from the skin surface is utilized for compresses, nicotine patches, etc.. "Iontophotolysis" which accelerates the penetration of the drug by a weak electric current is utilized for high-speed administration of local anesthetics and penetration enhancement of cosmetic ingredients, etc.. However, generation of iontophotolysis requires power and wiring, and is not suitable for personal use at home. Disposable patches that do not require an external power source by using an enzyme-loaded electrode are expected to have drug penetration and cosmetic effects by iontophoresis.　 [Effect] ・No need for an external power source for enzymatic bioelectricity generation ・Disposable because only organic materials are used ・High safety because the maximum current is less than 0.5 mA/cm2 ・Enhanced drug penetration confirmed by a study using pig skin

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Silicon carbide materials and silicon carbide fiber-reinforced composites are expected to replace Zircaloy and other metals as structural materials for next-generation nuclear reactors. However, these materials require anticorrosion coatings when they are exposed to radiation, high temperatures, and high-pressure water. Although metal coatings have been used in the past, there has been a problem that they cannot fully exert their anticorrosion function due to delamination and cracking of the substrate caused by thermal expansion coefficient differences and swelling differences.　 　A silicon carbide layer, an intermediate layer and a coating layer are laminated on a substrate. As a result, it has become possible to provide a silicon carbide material or a silicon carbide fiber-reinforced composites composed of full ceramics with improved anticorrosion function by alleviating thermal expansion coefficient difference and swelling difference with a base material.

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In an apparatus for generating a plasma by a high frequency discharge and extracting an ion beam, a high frequency electric field leaks to a beam extraction interface being distant from the plasma generator; the oscillation of the interface leads to a divergence of the beam. The beam divergence has been a serious problem in thermonuclear fusion plasma reactors, since a part of high intensity beam cannot reach the core of the magnetically confined plasma.　 The present invention is an ion beam generator that uses a certain technique to compensate the oscillation of the beam extraction interface and provide a collimated high intensity ion beam extracted from an rf plasma source. Conversely, it is also possible to expand the divergence angle by superimposing the oscillation of the beam extraction interface to form a large diameter ion beam for material processing.

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Magnetic sensors with wide dynamic range and high sensitivity have been developed. Various types of sensors, such as SQUID magnetometers and Hall sensors, have been used. Cantilever-type magnetic sensors using mechanical resonant frequency have especially attracted attention because of their low power consumption, small size, and potential for wide dynamic range. However, while they exhibit high sensitivity near the resonance frequency, there is an issue that sensitivity and resolution are not sufficient for magnetic fields below the resonance frequency including DC magnetic fields.　 The present invention relates to a cantilever-type magnetic sensor. The sensitivity and bandwidth can be adjusted electrically by introducing a magnetic excitation component. This enables high sensitivity and wide-band magnetic field detection. 【 For those who see this document 】 　Since it is a seed for unpublished patents, it is possible to disclose the description after the conclusion of the IP contract.

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In order to realize the automation of the loading work of sediment from the backhoe to the dump truck, it is necessary not only to predict the stop position of the dump truck with respect to the backhoe, but also to predict the timing when the backhoe completes the preparation for loading. By moving the dump truck according to the loading timing, the unnecessary waiting time can be reduced, and the loading work can be realized smoothly. However, it is difficult to distinguish these work processes because the back hoe includes the same operation (For example, the action of scooping up soil and sand or the action of turning) when leveling sediment and loading.　 In the present invention, motion data are obtained from sensors attached to the back hoe at multiple locations, and a hidden Markov model (BP-HMM) can be used to extract patterns of primitive operation and predict loading timing.

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In recent years, attention has been focused on the development of technologies for effective utilization of sustainable energy from the viewpoint of global environmental protection. It is desirable to construct a heat recovery system that effectively utilizes low-grade waste heat of 100 to 200ºC, which accounts for most of the waste heat from factories. To realize this, various heat storage materials have been proposed. However, as the heat absorption/release reactions generally involve large changes in the crystal structure, the slow reaction rates and irreversibility of the reactions have been challenging issues, especially in the low temperature range. 　 The present invention makes it possible to provide a heat storage substance that can accommodate a large amount of heat even in a low temperature region of low-grade waste heat. The research revealed that the layered manganese dioxide, which has long been used as an electrode material in batteries, can repeatedly absorb and release heat by releasing and absorbing environmental water at a sufficiently rapid rate.

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Submicron-sized magnetic particles are expected to be used as materials for high-frequency equipment operating at several GHz. Demand for submicron-sized magnetic particles is increasing amid the increasing use of 5G and the challenge of suppressing high-frequency noise. However, it is generally difficult to produce submicron-sized particles. For example, in a top-down method such as grinding raw materials, the production of micron-sized particles is limited, and even in a bottom-up method such as reducing and depositing metal ions, microparticles aggregate to form micron-sized secondary particles. In addition, it is difficult to control the composition when reducing multiple metal ions and depositing compound microparticles. The present invention relates to a method for producing submicron microparticles of Fe-Ni-B and Fe-Co-B soft magnetic materials. As shown in the upper right panel, it is characterized in that a true spherical primary particle without agglomeration is formed, and the composition can be easily controlled. The right panel shows the frequency characteristics of the complex permeability of the fine particle. Since the µ'' becomes near 0 up to 1 GHz and shows a peak in a few GHz band, the following applications can be expected.

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In the recovery of underground resources such as oil and geothermal energy, water flows from an injection well and fluids containing resources are pumped from a production well. There are multiple channel networks from an injection well to a production well, each having different fluidity. Since fluid preferentially flows through channel networks with high fluidity, there has been a problem that resources cannot be efficiently recovered from channel networks with low fluidity. Conventionally, in order to recover more resources from channel networks with low fluidity, it is necessary to drill additional wells, but each well costs several hundred million yen. 　The present invention has found a method to reverse the magnitude of the flow performance (flow velocity) of each channel with different fluidity. In other words, the present invention is expected to increase the fluidity of channel networks with low fluidity and contribute to efficient resource recovery.

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In quantum annealer, the optimization problems are solved by finding the minimum value of the cost function with a form of quadratic function because the current quantum annealer uses interactions only between neighboring quantum bits.　 The technology in this invention is capable to handle equations containing 3rd order and higher terms, including nonlinear We propose a potential application to neural networks to find an optimal binary neural network, which has low power consumption in comparison to the ordinary neural network.

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Recently, almost all combinatorial optimization problems are represented by constrained quadratic programming problems. However, in solving them, we further apply the penalty method, etc., transform them into unconstrained quadratic programming problems, and perform quantum annealing operations on the converted mathematical expressions. However, the conversion generated redundant variables that required a huge amount of computing resources, so that practical operations are impossible. 　We propose a method for solving all combinatorial optimization problems by quantum annealing, and it became possible to solve practically all optimization problem.

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With the increase of IoT device and the spread of 5G, noise electromagnetic wave emitted from device integrated transmission circuit has become a serious problem. Since the frequency of these noise electromagnetic wave is around 3GHz, it is required to develop an electromagnetic wave absorber that is efficient in 100-101GHz range. Currently, electromagnetic wave absorber made by mixing flat powder of FeSiAl alloy with resin is in practical use, but the absorption band (resonance frequency) is limited to MHz order. 　This invention is about an electromagnetic wave absorber that achieves an absorption from 3 to 12GHz band, with excellent noise suppression above 10GHz, based on the approach of shape magnetic anisotropy improvement. The large shape magnetic anisotropy is achieved by using FeCoCr alloy with a large two phase separation structure. As shown in right figure, electromagnetic wave absorption capacity and transmission attenuation ratio are twice of noise suppression sheet for 5G which is commercially available. Moreover, this electromagnetic wave absorber is useful from economic security viewpoint because it does not contain rare earth element.

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In the Internet of things (IoT) society, all kinds of objects will be connected to network such as internet. For an example of a factory, an access point equipped with multiple antenna elements installed at the base of a machine tool can track a sensor node on an object attached at the extremity of machine tool arm moving at relatively high speed. A known method of capturing the position of the sensor node is to use the backscatter wave of the signal transmitted by the access point. However, there is a problem that sidelobe is generated near the modulation frequency signal of backscatter.　 　This invention is able to suppress the sidelobe generated near the backscatter modulation frequency signal that appears in the demodulated signal spectrum. The access point is characterized by demodulating the modulation signal by multiplying the received modulation signal with the transmitted signal. This enables suppression of sidelobe generated near the modulation frequency of the backscatter in the demodulated signal spectrum.

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　In recent years, as wireless IoT has become more popular, real time frequency band spectrum monitoring technology has been developed to avoid interference between different wireless IoT systems. The received signal of this technology is converted from analog to digital signal by multiple analog/digital converter, then the original spectrum is regenerated. However, current technology does not have low loss and low distortion tunable filter, so it is not possible to freely set the bandwidth with a single device. As consequence, the receiver cannot achieve Software Defined Radio. 　This invention is able to realize a software based spectrum regeneration processing. This frequency spectrum regeneration method does not use a bandpass filter to fold back noise removal, but samples the received frequency spectrum, generates a vector combining each frequency spectrum element and extracts a predetermined band by calculating a solution using an overdetermined decision type algorithm. This enables a software based spectrum regeneration process.

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β-Ti and conventional CoCr alloys are widely used for artificial joints because of their superior mechanical properties. Some β-Ti alloys show superelasticity and low Young's modulus; however, they have low wear resistance. Conventional CoCr alloys show excellent wear resistance, but they have very high Young's modulus, which is about 10 times that of human bones. Since low Young's modulus and wear resistance are properties with a trade-off relation, there has not been a biomaterial that realizes both. 　This invention is about new CoCr alloys that have an even lower Young's modulus than β-Ti alloys, which also boast high wear and corrosion resistance, and superelasticity. This invention shows a fatigue life of more than 10 million cycles up to a strain of 1.65% and it is expected to be the next-generation biological material. 　These alloys are characterized by a large elastic anisotropy. In the <100> direction, they show a Young's modulus of 30 GPa, comparable to human bones, making it suitable to use for artificial joints and bone plates. In the <111> direction, they have extremely high Young's modulus of 300 GPa, making it suitable to use for stents.

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The problem of electromagnetic noise entering to analog circuit from digital circuit in RFICs (Radio Frequency ICs) for portable terminals (smartphone, tablet, etc.) which are capable of ultra high speed GHz class communication, is becoming a serious subject. 　In order to measure high frequency magnetic field on IC chip,methods with "high spatial resolution" and "GHz measurement frequency" are necessary, but none of the existing high-frequency magnetic field measurement-methods (shielded loop coil type magnetic field probe, magneto-optical probe, giant magnetic resistive sensor, etc.) satisfy these requirements. 　This invention is about a high-frequency magnetic field measurement-device using a magnetic force microscope (MFM) probe, and the beating field method which uses the field undulation. Specifically, a configuration that enables the separation (removal) of electric field that interferes with magnetic field measurement, and a configuration that modifies the cantilever drive and detection component are added in this invention.

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Since lithium-ion battery using liquid electrolyte has risk of ignition and rupture, practical application of safe solid electrolyte is expected. Among solid electrolytes, those using polymers have an excellent ability of forming and processing. This allows to use different shape of polyelectrolyte, but high stress is applied to the electrolyte.　 　This invention is about a polyelectrolyte with excellent elasticity and flexibility. Since this polyelectrolyte can be highly elongated with little force, the applied stress can be easily dispersed, and shows high durability.

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Toothbrush, pulsatile water jet, ultrasonic scaler, dental raser and oral rinse are used to wash bio-film or cavity accumulated on teeth or surface of implant. However, while they can remove macroscopic bio-film, they can not completely remove bio-film accumulated in narrow space on rough surface of tooth or dental implant. In the result, number of dental extraction from peri－implantitis or periodontal disease is not small. This invention provides the oral cleaning device which can remove bio-film by using cavitation jet.

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Cavitation is a phenomenon where a liquid becomes an air bubble due to the decrease of saturated steam pressure of the liquid caused by pressure decrease occurred by the velocity increase of a liquid. In particular, group-row cavitation consisting of microbubbles produces a large impact force. Cavitation shotless peening which uses this phenomenon, has a smoother machined surface and higher fatigue strength than the method which uses steel balls (shot peening).　 　Operation in air is also possible without using a water tank, by injecting a high speed water jet into a low speed water jet.

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The measurement of elastic modulus, which is a fundamental parameter, is essential to characterize the material property. As an example of object with a simple linear shape, such as a stick, the elastic modulus can be obtained experimentally by tensile testing. 　Today, a wide variety of object with complex shape can be formed due to the recent development of 3D printer technology. On the other hand, the elastic modulus of such object with complex shape having mechanical anisotropy, was difficult to simply measure by the conventional method. 　This invention is about a simple method for measuring elastic modulus of object with complex shape having mechanical anisotropy. This invention compares at first the vibration mode obtained experimentally by the object resonance frequency using ultrasonic resonance method, with the estimated vibration mode. Then, the elastic modulus is determined after the inverse analysis so that the estimated vibration mode matches the experimental value. The elastic modulus is determined with high precision by applying an algorithmic tip to this comparison. The most significant feature of this measurement method is its simplicity since it requires only one vibration experiment and analysis to measure the 9 independent elastic modulus.

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During spectroscopy, various stray light over a wide wavelength range is generated due to the effect of the 0th order reflected light, the 2nd order diffracted light and other scattered light generated in the spectrometer, in addition to the 1st order reflected light of the input light. In particular, for a measurement where a strong input light such as laser is used as a light source to detect weak signal light from sample, the signal light is difficult to detect due to stray light. 　In order to reduce stray light in spectrometer, cut filter using dielectric film and double monochromator-type spectrometer with monochromators connected in series have been developed. However, those methods cannot remove stray light over wide wavelength range at once. 　This invention is about a spectrometer equipped with a mechanism that can eliminate stray light in a wide wavelength range (from near-ultraviolet to near-infrared). The right figure shows the observed higher harmonics from the superconductor using this invention. Among the superconductor higher harmonics, the 3rd harmonic (around 2.1 eV = 590 nm) can be clearly observed with any spectrometer, but the 5th harmonic (around 3.4 eV = 360 nm) can be observed with good S/N ratio only with this invention. In particular, the noise of this invention is reduced by more than 3 orders of magnitude compared to the other spectrometers.

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The Ca-rechargeable battery is expected to replace the Lirechargeable battery in the future, but there is no electrolyte having the essential characteristics for a rechargeable battery. 　This invention solves above problems and realizes an electrolyte solution for Ca-rechargeable battery with high Ca-ion conductivity, large potential window, and high stability of metal dissolution & precipitation against Ca with limited property degradation, using a novel composition halogen-free Ca salt.

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　In recent years, the data traffic on internet around the world has been increasing rapidly and there is a strong need to innovate the non-volatile memory for data storage. In particular, phase-change memory (PRAM) has been attracting attention since the practical use in storage class memory has already begun. In general, PRAM records ON/OFF at 2 states: crystal phase with low electrical resistance and amorphous phase with high electrical resistance. 　However, the operation requires the use of amorphous phase so the heat resistance is poor and generates high power consumption during melting to the amorphous phase. Actually, there is a high expectation for creating a non-volatile memory element which solve these issues. 　The most important feature of this invention is that the non-volatile memory material is in crystal phase for both ON/OFF status. Since this material does not require melting to the amorphous phase, it is thermally stable and has low power consumption. Therefore, a significant operating energy reduction can be realized. Moreover, it has excellent high-speed property because a large resistance variation can be obtained through phase change between the crystal phases. Tohoku University proposes 3 types of non-volatile memory material : 1 MnTe, 2 Nitride-based material, 3 Rare-earth material.

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　The development of thermoelectric conversion technology to extract electricity from waste heat is being actively pursued. Mg2Si is a thermoelectric conversion material suitable for the use of industrial waste heat since the thermoelectric conversion efficiency achieves its maximum value at around 300ºC environment. 　However, the heat is often leaked due to its high thermal conductivity so the conversion efficiency is not as high as expected (cf. right formula). There is a report that the thermal conductivity was decreased by compacting Mg2Si powder into pellet and making it porous, but since the electrical conductivity was also reduced due the grain boundary, the conversion efficiency was not increased. 　This invention is about a Mg2Si porous film that solves the above issue.

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Recently, in the field of quantum computation for the selection of optimal routes for navigation, disaster evacuation, production lines, logistics, etc., the conventional method needed first to specify a cost function, then was able to obtain the optimal solution by ordinary computers and quantum annealing. However, the optimal solution at a given cost function was difficult to adapt to the ever-changing situation and to extract the optimal route. This invention is about a technique to solve the aforementioned issues by a mechanism that allows the cost function to be flexibly changed.

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In recent years, with the diffusion of the wireless Internet of Things (IoT), interference between different IoT systems are reported. In order to avoid those interferences, real-time frequency detection techniques are used to monitor signals and noise in the IoT frequency band in milliseconds level. However, monitoring these bands in real time all at once using Nyquist sampling is not easy because the high-speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that exceeds 12 Ghz is necessary. This invention made possible to monitor in real-time several different frequency bands with a real-time frequency monitor using an undersampling reception method by following steps: the step of obtaining a frequency spectrum from 0 to the Nyquist frequency, the step of generating a frequency spectrum by reversing the data at each Nyquist frequency, and the step of performing a minimum value calculation on each of the obtained above data to generate a single frequency spectrum which reproduces the received frequency spectrum.

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Superelastic alloy can instantly return to its original state after plastic deformation when the force is removed. However, a repeated plastic deformation leaves a residual strain that cannot be ignored. This invention is about an elastic alloy having a large elastic strain over 4% and Young's modulus less than 25 Gpa, which remains in the elastic range even a stress up to 600 Mpa is applied.

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It is ready to provide the technology package for Micro- and Nano-satellites around the earth, including know-how of hardware, operation software, evaluation technique, man-made satellite launching system, (a part of IP right of) termination control technique (de-orbit from orbit when missions finished). It is also possible to provide unique service by using the small satellite technologies to conduct customer designated missions.

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Conventional superelastic and shape-memory alloys are generally composed of elements having high specific gravity, and the ones composed of lightweight elements have not been reported yet. Although superelastic and shape-memory alloys for medical applications are being intensely investigated, a typical TiNi alloy (Nitinol) is still difficult to apply to patients owing to allergic effect caused by nickel. 　The present invention provides superelastic and shape-memory alloy having the specific gravity less than one third of Nitinol by using magnesium. As well known as the good biocompatibility of magnesium, the alloy is expected to be applied to medical field.

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　IRS (Intelligent Reflecting Surface) is known as a means to improve network performance. IRS is a device with integrated metamaterial element. Electromagnetic wave incident on the device can be reflected in any direction by controlling metamaterial element. Normally, CSI (Channel State Information) is required to control IRS. However, IRS is a passive device and cannot send nor receive information. Therefore, a device to collect CSI must be installed separately from IRS and connected to IRS, which requires cost and technical burden.　 　This invention is able to provide a controller that can control IRS without the need of CSI. This invention has a control pattern selection unit that determines a control pattern corresponding to representative value that is in the same cluster as reference value based on reflection target and codebook that show correspondence between representative value and IRS control pattern, and a control unit that controls IRS based on pattern. The codebook classifies reference value into cluster, generates representative value in each cluster, and generates control pattern corresponding to the representative value.

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The international market price of neodymium has increased significantly in recent years. The reason seems to be the increasing demand for windpower generation and electric vehicle motor in China where the country is promoting decarbonization as a national policy. In addition, the perspective of economic security is discussed in Japan and there is a strong demand for magnetic material which does not contain rare earth. Low cost Fe-N magnetic material consisting only of iron and nitrogen has especially high expectation. In particular, α"-Fe16N2 which has BCT structure and predicted to have high magnetic saturation, has attracted much attention. 　However, α"-Fe16N2 is a metastable compound that crystallizes when Fe-N compound is annealed, and there is almost no report of its isolation as a bulk material. The only few reported cases mention about eutectic crystal of α"-Fe16N2 and stable phase, or the existence for only 10 days at 100°C, so there is no example of α"-Fe16N2 single phase stable isolation as a bulk. 　This invention is about the α"-Fe16N2 stable isolated powder. This magnetic powder shows a BHmax of more than 6 MGOe (48 kJ/m3), which is higher than ferrite and alnico. It also shows the saturation magnetization of 221 emu/g which exceeds metallic Fe, and the coercivity of more than 2 kOe (160 kA/m) which is higher than alnico and comparable to ferrite. Since this magnetic powder can produce magnet that outperforms ferrite and alnico without using rare earth, it is expected to be used in motor, etc. as an alternative to neodymium magnet which continues to rise in price.

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In recent years, the development of lightweight and strong spherical graphite cast iron (ductile cast iron) has been promoted from the viewpoint of CO2 emission reduction and fuel efficiency reduction for automotive parts. In addition, efforts have been made to make ductile cast iron with highly productive die casting from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost reduction. In conventional die casting, heat treatment is necessary to suppress the generation of chill. In addition, the number of spheroidal graphite cast iron produced was small, and the mechanical properties such as strength and elongation were not sufficiently obtained. The ductile cast iron in which the spheroidal graphite is further refined and made uniform in the as-cast state without heat treatment can be obtained by combining a technique for suppressing chilling by free nitrogen with a semi-solidification casting technique.

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　Recently, methane hydrate (MH) has attracted attention as an energy resource to replace conventional fossil fuels. Heating and decompression methods have been proposed to dissociate and recover methane gas from MH by heating or decompressing the MH layer. However, the heating method consumes more energy to heat water than the energy produced by the recovered methane gas. On the other hand, the decompression method has the problem that the MH layer freezes due to the endothermic reaction when the methane gas dissociates, and the methane gas cannot be recovered efficiently. 　In the present invention, we developed a system for recovering methane gas by drilling multiple wells, dissolving carbon dioxide, injecting heated seawater, and using the preheated injection well as a production well. In addition, by converting methane gas into electric energy and using the heat energy released at the time to recover methane gas, the system can be operated as a more efficient and environmentally friendly system.

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・ The water containing nanobubbles is expected to have practical effects. The combination with various reagents has also been shown to produce unique effects. In addition to washing, sterilization, and antiviral effects, attention has been focused on plant and animal cell activities. Applications in various fields such as environment, medicine, and engineering are being investigated.　 ・ In the invention, nanobubbles with a particle size of about 10 nm were successfully produced iron ions in the production process. The surface of the nanobubbles has an uneven structure of less than 2 nm as a nanoparticle (hollow nanoshell). ・ The hollow nanoshell is dispersed in an aqueous solution at a concentration of tens of billions/mL or more. Unlike other nanoparticles and quantum dots, no stabilizer is required. Since there is almost no cytotoxicity, it can also be applied in bio-medical fields for bioactive effects.

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・ By combining nanobubbles and manganese ion, we succeeded in producing a sterilization and deodorant based on strong oxidizing power. ・ Ozone water has a sterilization and deodorization effect, but the effect disappears within a few hours. The inventor succeeded in producing a new type of ozone nanobubble by combining ozone-containing microbubbles with manganese. This water has the same effect as ordinary ozone water, but it has very low cytotoxicity. Therefore, it can be used directly for living organisms. ・ In addition, by adjusting the pH and changing the raw materials of the above nanobubbles in the manufacturing process, we succeeded in greatly reducing the generation of precipitates . ・ It has also been confirmed that the nanobubble water containing permanganate ions produced by the invention has long-term stability, bactericidal effect, and no oral or cellular toxicity, high throughput manufacturing process. 　It is expected to be widely applied to deodorants and disinfectants.

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