ニッポー List of Products and Services

Impedance is a quantity that indicates "electrical resistance" in an electrical circuit. Unlike the resistance in direct current (DC) circuits, it serves as an important indicator of the relationship between voltage and current in alternating current (AC) circuits. Resistance has the characteristic of converting electrical energy into heat and indicates the ratio of voltage to current in DC circuits. On the other hand, impedance indicates the ratio of voltage to current in AC circuits and is a complex quantity that includes not only resistance but also reactance and inductance. ■ Measurement Methods and Precautions To measure impedance, specialized equipment such as an impedance analyzer or an LCR meter is used. By using these devices, you can accurately grasp the impedance characteristics and reactance components for each frequency. When measuring, it is important to be aware of the effects of parasitic inductance and capacitance. Especially at high frequencies, errors are likely to occur, so the arrangement of cables and shielding treatment becomes crucial. Additionally, if the calibration of the measuring instrument itself is insufficient, errors can be amplified, making regular adjustments and management essential for improving reliability. Our company provides comprehensive support from circuit design to printed circuit board implementation. Please feel free to contact us.

• Resistors

Gerber data refers to the standard format design data used during circuit board manufacturing. Its main role is to convey the layout information of the circuit board, indicating wiring patterns, pad positions, and the arrangement of vias (through holes) to ensure that manufacturing machines can process it accurately. On the other hand, a BOM (Bill of Materials) is a data list that compiles all the component information to be mounted on the circuit board, accurately conveying details such as component types, part numbers, quantities, and placement information. When outsourcing circuit board assembly, it is important to check the Gerber data requirements in advance and prepare an accurate BOM. Since Gerber data communicates the design information of the circuit board and the BOM details the electronic components to be mounted, ensuring consistency between the two leads to smooth production and cost reduction. If you are considering outsourcing circuit board assembly and manufacturing, please feel free to contact us. We will provide proposals tailored to your needs.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

A control panel is a device that houses electrical components and equipment wired together in a box to control machinery in factories or building facilities. It serves the purpose of collectively operating the controlled devices and displaying their status. The components include a metal cabinet, switches, indicator lights, wiring, coolers, breakers, electromagnetic relays (which switch based on received electrical signals), inverters (which control motor speed), and PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers, which control the movement of equipment and machinery according to predetermined sequences and conditions). Examples of typical devices are as follows: ◆ Building air conditioning systems Controls multiple coolers to appropriately manage temperature and humidity within a building. ◆ Factory production lines Controls motors that change the speed of conveyor belts and alerts with indicator lights in case of machine abnormalities. ◆ Elevators Controls the motors that move the elevator up and down and reads and displays the pressed switch. Our company utilizes the know-how gained from circuit board development across various fields to undertake application development in diverse areas. If you are interested, please feel free to contact us.

• Control Panel

In recent years, the transition from physical switches to touch panels has been progressing, with an increasing number of adoption examples not only in consumer devices like smartphones but also in industrial equipment. Touch panels allow for operation through graphical icons and menus, making them easier to use compared to traditional physical buttons, and they excel in "intuitive operability." Additionally, there are benefits such as: - The ability to customize the display screen according to usage methods and processes - The overall compactness of the device … and more. Touch panels have various characteristics depending on their technological methods, so selecting the right one based on application is key. This document provides detailed information on: ■ Benefits of adopting touch panels ■ Main technological methods of touch panels ■ How to choose a touch panel ■ Examples of touch panel implementation Please take a look! *In some cases, other options may be more appropriate depending on the application. In addition to touch panels, there are options for screen displays using PCs/tablets or 7-segment displays, so if you are considering planning or development, feel free to consult with us.

• Touch Panel
• FPD/Touch Panel

"Circuit design" and "mechanical design" are essential and important processes in product development. Circuit design involves the design of printed circuit boards using analog circuits and microcontrollers, while mechanical design requires casing design and structural design, each influencing the performance of the product. ■ Circuit Design This refers to the design of printed circuit boards and circuits used within electronic devices, primarily aiming to realize necessary functions by utilizing analog and digital circuits. This includes the design of signal processing and control functions using operational amplifiers and microcontrollers. ■ Mechanical Design This process involves designing the appearance and structure of the product, including casing design and structural design, shaping the final form of the product from various perspectives such as durability, aesthetics, and manufacturability. It is often conducted as part of mechanical design, characterized by consideration of not only functionality but also the overall user experience and safety of the product. The two main differences are that circuit design focuses on the design of electronic internal functions, while mechanical design emphasizes physical shapes and responses to external environments. A commonality is that the creativity and ideas of engineers are indispensable. At Nippo, we offer a wide range of services from electrical and electronic circuit design to printed circuit board design. Please feel free to consult with us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

Carbon neutrality refers to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and offsetting the remaining amount through forest absorption or carbon capture technologies to achieve "net zero." In Japan, the expansion of renewable energy and the introduction of energy-saving technologies are being promoted, but challenges such as low energy self-sufficiency and dependence on fossil fuels remain. Meanwhile, around the world, countries, including the EU, are actively announcing roadmaps and promoting the adoption of renewable energy and electric vehicles (EVs). As specific initiatives, companies are advancing the manufacturing of products utilizing renewable energy and the establishment of delivery systems using low-carbon fuels. For example, a logistics company has reported reducing fuel consumption through optimized delivery routes. Additionally, automobile manufacturers are accelerating the development of EVs and fuel cell vehicles, working towards the decarbonization of vehicles. The products produced by our company demonstrate energy efficiency in the market. For instance, in facility horticulture, temperature management for heating using heavy oil boilers is achieved with less fuel. In products for facility equipment, significant reductions in energy usage are realized through the use of computer control and communication technologies.

• Energy efficient utilization system

Solder resist is an ink or film-like protective material applied to the surface of printed circuit boards (PCBs) that serves to protect the circuits on the substrate. During the soldering process, there is a risk of short circuits due to solder bridges, but the presence of solder resist prevents shorts between circuits, thereby enhancing the reliability of the product. It also effectively protects the substrate from moisture and chemicals, contributing to corrosion prevention. There are two types of solder resist: "liquid type" and "film type." < Liquid Type > This type involves applying ink-like material using screen printing or spraying, making it suitable for complex-shaped substrates. Many products contain components with high heat resistance and chemical resistance tailored to specific applications, characterized by flexibility during the assembly process. < Film Type > The film type involves adhering sheet-like resist to the substrate and curing it with UV light. It allows for uniform and high-precision application, making it suitable for fine patterns and high-density substrates. A benefit is that there are fewer processes using release agents, resulting in a clean finish. Nippo conducts the design, development, and manufacturing of printed circuit boards. Please feel free to contact us.

• Printed Circuit Board

LCD is a display that utilizes the light-transmitting properties of a special substance called liquid crystal. Its operating principle involves adjusting the amount of light as it passes through the liquid crystal layer by applying voltage to the liquid crystal molecules, thereby displaying images in various colors. The manufacturing process of LCDs can be broadly divided into two parts: cell production and module assembly. In cell production, thin-film transistors (TFT) are formed on a glass substrate, color filters are bonded, and liquid crystals are injected to create the cells that form the basis of the panel. In module assembly, polarizing plates, backlight units, driver ICs, and other components are combined with the cells to finalize the LCD. The selection of liquid crystal panels varies significantly based on the product's application and user needs, with the following being important selection criteria: ◆ Response speed: Is it suitable for videos and games? ◆ Contrast ratio: Is the depth and three-dimensionality of the image prioritized? ◆ Brightness: Is outdoor visibility or readability in dark places prioritized? Nippo offers a wide range of services from the design, development, and manufacturing of printed circuit boards to cloud infrastructure construction. Please feel free to contact us.

• LCD display

Ethernet is a communication standard used in LANs for connecting computers to a network for data communication. LAN refers to a network that connects devices within a specific area, and Ethernet technology is used to build it. The basic components that make up Ethernet are as follows: - Cables: Wiring used to physically connect devices within the network. - Adapters: Devices used to connect computers or devices to the network. - Converters: Devices used to convert different types of network cables or signals. - Frames: The basic unit for sending and receiving data over the network. The advantages of the Ethernet communication standard include the standardization of cables, allowing for efficient communication between multiple devices. It enables high-speed and stable communication, making it possible to quickly transfer large files, and is characterized by its high reliability and security. At Nippo, we offer a wide range of services, including circuit design, printed circuit board design, development, manufacturing, control systems, and cloud construction. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us.

• LAN/Optical cable

A light sensor is a device that detects light and converts it into an electrical signal. The basic mechanism involves detecting incoming light and converting it into an electrical signal through various responses at a part called the "light-receiving element," depending on the intensity and wavelength of the light. The operating principle of a light sensor is to detect various information based on the magnitude of the current generated when light hits the light-receiving element. In the case of a photodiode being used as the light-receiving element, when light is incident, photons generate and separate electrons and holes within the semiconductor, producing a current in the external circuit. Since the current changes in proportion to the intensity of the light, it is possible to measure the strength of the light electrically. Light sensors are widely applied in various fields. Here are some specific examples: ● Industrial field: Quality control of products and position detection on automated lines ● Medical field: Pulse oximeters that measure oxygen concentration in the blood, imaging diagnostic devices that utilize light ● Daily life: Automatic doors, brightness adjustment of smartphone screens, automatic lighting of car headlights, etc. At Nippo, we also have a track record of developing light sensors for agricultural use that utilize photodiodes. You can leave the circuit board development to Nippo. Case design is also possible.

• Sensors

Flux is an essential solvent for achieving good soldering. It removes surface contaminants such as metal oxides (oxidation films) and ensures reliable bonding. The main roles of flux are as follows: 1. Cleaning Dissolving or reducing oxides and other contaminants on metal surfaces to clean them. 2. Reducing surface tension Weakening the surface tension of molten solder so that it spreads and adheres to the base material surface (promoting wetting of the base material surface). 3. Preventing oxidation Quickly covering the cleaned metal surface to prevent (re)oxidation. Furthermore, flux comes in three main forms: liquid, powder, or solid/paste, and it is necessary to select the appropriate type based on the solder type and soldering conditions. Nippo leverages its strengths in high quality and high reliability to provide a wide range of services from the design and development of electrical and electronic circuits to the design, development, and manufacturing of printed circuit boards, as well as the construction of control systems. If you are interested, please feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

A control system is a system that manages the operation of machines to ensure they function according to design and planning. It is installed in many machines and facilities, ranging from large infrastructure facilities to everyday items like cars. This time, we will introduce control systems, which are gaining attention due to the expansion of markets such as 5G and robotics. There are several types of control systems. <Logical Control> This type of control system is used for operations that require stopping and executing. It receives information from input devices such as switches and sensors and performs control actions based on that information. <Feedback Control> This system detects the results of a machine's actions through sensors and performs control, providing feedback to the operation. It is a type of automatic control that compares the target value with the output, allowing the machine to repeatedly turn on and off to approach the target value. There are three points to consider when ordering a control system: 1. Organize the requirements your company needs. 2. Check the track record and areas of expertise of the development company. 3. Ensure there are no unclear points in the estimate. Nippo develops and builds control systems, offering services from pre-development research to development and after-support. Please feel free to contact us.

• Instrumentation and Control Systems

"Soldering" refers to the process of joining metal materials using solder without melting the base material, by allowing a lower melting point alloy (solder) to flow into the joint. The quality of soldering affects the failure and lifespan of electronic devices, so it is not an exaggeration to say that it is supported by soldering technology. For soldering printed circuit boards, two main methods are used: "wave soldering" and "reflow soldering." <Soldering Methods> - Wave Soldering: This method involves passing a circuit board on a conveyor belt over a solder pot filled with pre-melted solder, which is then sprayed onto the board for soldering. - Reflow Soldering: In this method, solder (in paste form) is pre-applied to the soldering points, and then re-melted using heat sources such as infrared, hot air, hot plates, or lasers for soldering. In recent years, automation of soldering has advanced, and "automatic soldering machines" are being utilized. Nippo has its own equipment, such as automatic component insertion machines and chip mounters, and is enhancing its manufacturing capabilities to accommodate the miniaturization and high density of electronic components. Please feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

An API is an interface that connects software, programs, and web services, serving as a means for different software components and services to communicate with each other and share functionalities. It is widely used behind the scenes of social networking services and websites for various purposes. By implementing an API, your company's services or programs can be utilized by other companies as well. For example, with membership sites, you no longer need to enter personal information every time for registration, inputting shipping information on e-commerce sites, or using payment services on e-commerce sites. ◆ Points to consider in design - Version compatibility - Security measures - Access restrictions - Latency and performance In API integration, the functionality provided by external services is used, and the system specifications depend on the API provider. Therefore, if there is a malfunction on the provider's server, your company will not be able to address it. Coordination with the integration partner will be necessary, so choose a partner that can adequately respond to any potential issues. Nippo offers development of cloud services. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us.

• EAI/ETL/WEB application server

EMS stands for Electronic Manufacturing Services, which refers to a service that undertakes the production of electronic devices for multiple companies without having its own brand. EMS companies, which receive requests from electronic device manufacturers and others, are involved from the early stages of product design and undertake everything from design and prototyping to manufacturing and maintenance services on behalf of client companies. This allows companies to delegate the development and manufacturing of their own products to EMS providers, enabling them to concentrate their management resources on core business activities. EMS is widely used in communication devices, industrial equipment, and other areas, and is suitable for products that require advanced technology and strict quality standards. <Advantages of EMS> - Cost reduction - Ability to avoid risks in advance <Disadvantages of EMS> - Inability to give direct instructions on-site - Difficulty in delineating responsibilities and time-consuming responses in case of trouble Nippo continues to focus on high-quality and reliable product development with high added value. We offer support with our technical capabilities and proposal skills tailored to your needs, so if you are considering outsourcing electronic device production, please feel free to consult with us.

• EMS

A smart factory is generally a factory that manages operations based on digital data by utilizing advanced technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data processing. If realized, it can improve business processes and produce high-quality products at low cost and in a short period. Unlike traditional manufacturing, which relies on automation through machines like robots, smart factories focus on the collection and utilization of data. A significant feature is the ability to review the entire business process and automatically analyze accurate workflows to enhance operational efficiency on the production floor. ■ Benefits of Implementation 1. Visualization of on-site conditions 2. Reduction of workforce on-site and appropriate safety measures 3. Skill inheritance ■ Challenges 1. Slow penetration of digitalization 2. Loss of initiatives aimed at pursuing management effectiveness The introduction of a smart factory is a means, not an end. Its main aim is to attract talented personnel, create new production methods, and lead to high profitability and growth. For companies to smoothly advance implementation, it is crucial to understand the current challenges of existing factories, which allows them to narrow down the actions that need to be taken.

• Other factory equipment and parts

A CO2 sensor is a device used to measure the concentration of carbon dioxide gas. It helps monitor the amount of CO2 gas released into the external environment and contributes to improving energy efficiency and ensuring indoor comfort. The general operating principles of CO2 sensors are mainly of two types: ◆ Chemical Sensor This method obtains gas concentration by utilizing "redox reactions." The electrical characteristics of the sensor (such as resistance and capacitance) change due to CO2 gas, and the concentration of CO2 gas is calculated from this change. ◆ NDIR: Non-Dispersive Infrared Method This method utilizes the characteristic that "molecules absorb infrared light at specific wavelengths." It measures how much light is absorbed and calculates the CO2 gas concentration based on that information. Currently, "NDIR-type CO2 sensors" are mainstream due to their high sensitivity and stability. Within NDIR-type CO2 sensors, there are different principles, including: - Single light source single wavelength method - Dual light source single wavelength method - Single light source dual wavelength method Nippo offers a wide range of services, from the design of electrical and electronic circuits to the design of printed circuit boards. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us!

• Other Sensors

An LED is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. Due to reasons such as low power consumption, long lifespan, and the absence of ultraviolet and infrared rays, lighting fixtures using LEDs have become widespread. An LED is formed by joining two types of semiconductors: "p-type semiconductor" and "n-type semiconductor." The p-type semiconductor has a high concentration of holes (positive charge carriers), while the n-type semiconductor has a high concentration of electrons (negative charge carriers). ■ Flow of the LED Light Emission Principle 1. Apply a forward voltage to the LED. 2. When voltage is applied, the "holes" in the LED move towards the "n-type semiconductor" side, and the "electrons" move towards the "p-type semiconductor" side. 3. At the junction of the p-type and n-type semiconductors, holes and electrons combine, generating light energy and causing the LED to emit light. Thus, the light emission of an LED is a mechanism where electrical energy is directly converted into light within the semiconductor. The color of the light emitted by an LED varies depending on the semiconductor materials that make up the LED. The wavelength of the light produced differs based on the compounds used in each semiconductor, allowing for the combination of compounds to express different colors. At Nippo, we offer a wide range of services from electrical and electronic circuit design to printed circuit board design. Please feel free to contact us.

• LED fluorescent lamp

In semiconductor manufacturing, a processing precision at the nanometer (nm) level is required, which involves a process called "etching" to process thin films formed on substrates. Etching is a process that utilizes chemical reactions (corrosive effects) of chemicals or ions to shape the thin films (such as oxide films) formed on the substrate into desired shapes. It can be broadly divided into two types: "wet etching" and "dry etching." ■ Wet Etching This method involves immersing the semiconductor substrate in an acidic or alkaline solution to remove unwanted thin films. Advantages: Low cost and high productivity Disadvantages: Not suitable for fine processing (It is used in some processes such as coarse processing or complete removal of thin films.) ■ Dry Etching This method exposes the semiconductor substrate to reactive ion gas or plasma gas to remove unwanted thin films. Advantages: High processing precision Disadvantages: Higher cost and prone to damage Nippo offers a wide range of services from the design of electrical and electronic circuits to the design of printed circuit boards. We can provide proposals tailored to our customers' needs, so please feel free to consult with us.

• Other semiconductors

This time, we will introduce what hardware and software are. Hardware refers to the physical components that have a tangible presence, such as the computer itself and the display, which can be seen as 'physical enclosures.' In analogy to the human body, it can be compared to 'the parts that perform actions,' like arms and legs. Software refers to the instructions and content that enable hardware to operate, written in a language that computers can understand (programming languages), which instructs the computer to function. Operating systems (OS) and applications that run on computers and smartphones are classified as software. Software is not physically visible, and in analogy to the human body, it can be compared to 'commands from the brain.' Below are specific examples of hardware: ◆ Input devices ◆ Storage devices ◆ Control/processing devices ◆ Output devices Below are specific examples of software: ◆ OS (Operating System) ◆ Application software Our company utilizes over 60 years of expertise in circuit board development to undertake product development in various fields. Please feel free to contact us!

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

Combustion control (gas combustion) refers to the management of gas burning safely, and it is utilized in kitchen equipment and hot water supply systems. Since gas leaks can lead to fires or explosions, gas combustion control boards are equipped with functions that prioritize safety. To conduct combustion control safely, the following functions are necessary: ◆ The ability to ignite reliably and adjust the air-to-fuel ratio ◆ Ensuring that gas does not leak into the room after combustion stops ◆ Ease of checking for gas leaks *The above are just some of the functions. The "combustion control board" that manages gas combustion is used in various combustion devices across different fields that utilize gas. For example, it is installed inside fryers used in restaurants for frying food. When frying, if the temperature is too high, the food will burn, and if it is too low, it will not cook through, so it is necessary to maintain an appropriate temperature consistently. By using a gas combustion board to control the oil temperature, anyone can produce fried food of the same quality. At Nippo, we welcome inquiries and proposals regarding gas combustion control tailored to our customers' applications. Please feel free to contact us.

• Control Panel

A float switch is a type of level switch that operates in response to changes in liquid level, using a float ball that floats on the surface of the liquid. Due to its simple structure, it is used in many places such as apartments, buildings, and factories. ■ Mechanism of Operation Inside the float, there is a magnet, and when the float approaches the reed switch, the contacts of the reed switch close, allowing the electrical circuit to conduct. Conversely, when the float moves away from the reed switch, the contacts of the reed switch open, cutting off the electrical circuit. By detecting the position of the float, which moves up and down according to the displacement of the liquid surface, the water level in the tank can be monitored. ■ Usage A stem (core rod) is fixed to the bottom or top of the tank, and it is connected to the electrical wires drawn from the reed switch. This electrical signal is used to control submersible pumps or valves. Recently, there are services that allow remote monitoring of the water level in tanks located in distant places via a web server, enabling users to understand the tank's condition from an office without having to visit the site. Our company applies the above technology and is engaged in development across various fields. Please feel free to contact us.

• Liquid level control/level switch

We would like to introduce examples of the mechanical design of environmental control panels for greenhouse horticulture, as well as product planning, design, and circuit design. The integrated environmental control panel that manages the environment inside the greenhouse measures and controls temperature, humidity, CO2, and sunlight using various sensors, creating an environment conducive to crop growth. The surface panel combines an intuitive touch panel for easy operation, knobs that provide a tactile feel, and highly visible LED displays, resulting in a design that is user-friendly in the field. [Surface Panel Features] ■ Intuitive touch panel for easy operation ■ Tactile knobs ■ Highly visible LED display *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• Temperature and Humidity Control
• Other air environment control

We would like to introduce a case where we developed a "Water Temperature Controller for Aquaculture." It controls heaters, coolers, circulation pumps, etc., maintaining a stable environment in the tank. Since devices such as pumps and high-capacity heaters are connected, design tailored to the load characteristics is required. Additionally, it is designed to comply with the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law (PSE). 【Main technologies and know-how used】 ■ Temperature control (heater) ■ Motor control (internal fan) ■ Water level control (steam generation device) ■ Environmental resistance (heat, oil smoke) *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• controller
• Temperature and Humidity Control

We would like to introduce a case study of the development of an "Autoclave (Sterilizer) Controller" at our company. Steam and gas sterilizers, widely used in the medical and food sectors, require high reliability. In particular, noise countermeasures require extensive experience and know-how, and are designed to comply with standards (EMC: Electromagnetic Compatibility). [Development Details] ■ Circuit Design ■ PCB Design ■ Software Design ■ Surface Sheet Design *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• Temperature and Humidity Control
• High pressure steam sterilizer (autoclave)

We would like to introduce a case where we developed a convection oven controller. The convection oven, which can perform various cooking methods, is equipped with programming functions to achieve many cooking patterns. It measures and controls multiple temperature points, such as internal temperature and core temperature. The controller is often placed near the heat source and is designed to withstand high-temperature environments. 【Main technologies and know-how used】 ■ Temperature control (heaters) ■ Motor control (internal fan) ■ Water level control (steam generation device) ■ Environmental resistance (heat and oil smoke) *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• controller
• Steam convection oven

Currently, motors are widely used in precision equipment fields such as computers and HDDs. We will introduce the principles and examples of use of the technology called "PWM control," which is used for motor control. PWM is one method of controlling power using semiconductors. It is a type of pulse density modulation (PDM), and a PDM with a constant frequency is called PWM. PWM can be controlled by repeating the ON and OFF of a switch, and this high-speed switching generates a pulse waveform. By changing the duration of the pulses, it controls the power supplied to the load. PWM control has excellent controllability. For example, by controlling the rotation speed of a cooling fan motor, the speed can be adjusted in response to the temperature of the object being cooled, thereby controlling the cooling performance. (Without control, the rotation speed remains constant, which can lead to excessive cooling even at low loads.) Additionally, there is the advantage of increased quietness, as the minimum rotation speed is achieved at low loads, reducing the noise generated by the rotation. Our company applies various technologies and offers application development in a variety of fields. Please feel free to contact us.

• Embedded applications for mobile phones and PDAs

We would like to introduce a case study of the development of a "temperature controller for refrigerated vehicles" at Nippo Corporation. Products mounted in vehicles require high reliability and must operate normally even under harsh environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, noise, vibration, and dust. To achieve high reliability and durability, advanced technology and know-how are utilized. [Development Details] ■ Circuit Design ■ PCB Design ■ Software Design ■ Resin Case Design *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• Temperature and Humidity Control
• controller

Our company engages in a wide range of development, including the manufacturing of printed circuit boards, the construction of IoT cloud systems, embedded software development, hardware development, and mechanical design (mechanical, sheet metal, and enclosures). In this document, we introduce some product examples developed by Nippo Co., Ltd., drawing from over 60 years of extensive know-how and development achievements across various fields. To realize many cooking patterns, we feature products such as the "Convection Oven Controller," which is equipped with programming functions, and the "Water Temperature Controller for Aquaculture," which controls heaters, coolers, and circulation pumps to maintain a stable environment in the water tank. The categories include logistics, food and kitchen, physical and chemical, and agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, among others. Please take a look. [Featured Examples] ■ Temperature Controller for Refrigerated Vehicles ■ Convection Oven Controller ■ Autoclave Controller ■ Water Temperature Controller for Aquaculture ■ Environmental Control Panel for Facility Horticulture *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing
• controller
• Temperature and Humidity Control

In recent years, the technology of electronic devices has significantly improved, leading to frequent concerns about noise countermeasures. This time, we will explain the components and basic knowledge necessary for EMC measures (noise countermeasures). EMC stands for "Electromagnetic Compatibility," which is almost synonymous with noise countermeasures. Noise exists not only in sound waves but also in "radio wave noise," and addressing this radio wave noise is what EMC measures are about. In modern life, electrical and electronic devices are indispensable, from communication devices like smartphones and USBs to production equipment in factories. However, these electronic devices can malfunction or fail due to electromagnetic noise, potentially leading to serious accidents that could endanger lives. Therefore, EMC measures and noise countermeasures are essential for electronic devices. EMC measures can also be implemented using components. Method 1: Shielding Method 2: Filtering Method 3: Grounding To effectively implement EMC measures, it is important to approach the issue from various aspects, including design. Our company develops hardware with designs that are resistant to noise and static electricity, ensuring durability. Please feel free to contact us!

• EMC countermeasure products

In recent years, the adoption of serial communication has been increasing due to advantages such as space-saving, cost reduction, and high performance. Serial communication uses one or two signal lines to send data sequentially, transmitting one bit per clock cycle. Although there were concerns regarding speed, high-speed serial communications like USB and PCIe have since become widespread. Serial communication can be broadly classified into two types: asynchronous and synchronous. Asynchronous types include I2C, JTAG, and UART, while synchronous types include USB and PCIe (high-speed serial communication). High-speed serial communication features clock, data, and recovery functions, excelling in terms of speed. <Serial Communication Physical Layer Standards> 1. RS232-C 2. RS422-A 3. RS485 4. Ethernet In industrial equipment, RS485 is the most commonly used. This standard allows multiple devices to be connected on the same data line, ensuring real-time control, making it suitable for industrial applications. Our company offers application development in various fields. Please feel free to contact us!

• Communications

In recent years, the demand for food safety has increased more than ever, making hygiene management an important issue. This time, we will explain the initiatives of HACCP and how to operate it efficiently. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) is the international standard for food hygiene management, and it has been mandatory in Japan since June 2020. Below are the five meanings of HACCP: 1. Hazard 2. Analysis 3. Critical 4. Control 5. Point HACCP involves monitoring and recording whether hygiene management is being maintained throughout all processes. This allows for the suspension of shipments of products manufactured under conditions that do not meet standards and enables smooth tracking of issues when problems arise. Since operations involve time-consuming tasks such as record-keeping and verification, it is desirable to carry them out efficiently. For example, services that allow for easy recording using smartphones or tablets, and apps that automatically record temperatures, are gaining attention to reduce the burden on employees. Our company offers contract development of cloud systems that assist with HACCP record-keeping and storage. If you are at all interested, please feel free to contact us!

• Hygiene Management

A touch panel monitor (touch panel display) is a device that allows users to operate it by directly touching the display screen, and it is utilized in various situations such as ATMs. This time, we will introduce the types of touch panel monitors, how to choose them, and their advantages. There are two types of touch panel monitors based on the method of detecting screen touches: "capacitive" and "resistive." ■ Capacitive Supports flick operations. Example: Smartphones, etc. ■ Resistive Cannot perform flick operations but can be introduced at a lower cost. Example: Car navigation systems, ATMs, etc. The advantages of adopting a touch panel monitor are as follows: - It allows for screen switching, enabling the display of a large amount of information. - It can display graphs and photos or incorporate user manuals. - When making model changes, it is relatively easy to modify colors, font sizes, display names, and more. Our company develops applications that combine touch panel monitors with control boards. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us!

• Touch Panel

Board assembly refers to the process of connecting electronic components to a printed circuit board (PCB) through soldering (component mounting) to form an electronic circuit. The closer the mounting distance between components, the higher the functionality of the control board. There are two types of mounting methods, which vary depending on the electronic components: ■ Through-hole mounting method Insert electronic components into holes (through-holes) and perform soldering. ■ Surface mount method Connect components to the pads on the surface of the printed circuit board with solder. Many companies may handle circuit design and board design in-house while outsourcing component procurement and board assembly for control boards. When choosing an outsourcing manufacturer, the key points are: 1. They have well-equipped manufacturing facilities. 2. They listen to the desired performance and components you want to use. Additionally, we recommend factory tours and site inspections. This will not only help you understand the machines in use but also give you a sense of the workplace atmosphere. A team with good teamwork can be expected to produce high quality and smooth production. Our company offers a comprehensive service from board development to assembly, and we provide proposals after thoroughly understanding your specifications and applications. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us!

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

Control boards are essential during the development of electronic devices and equipment. If your company does not have a development department with expertise, you can outsource the manufacturing of control boards to manufacturers that specialize in this area. Recently, the number of overseas manufacturers offering contract manufacturing for control boards has increased, providing many options for outsourcing, which can sometimes lead to confusion. In this article, we will introduce the advantages and disadvantages of manufacturing with domestic control board manufacturers. ■ Advantages Many domestic manufacturers support the entire process from specification meetings to delivery and after-sales follow-up, allowing you to proceed with development with peace of mind. ■ Disadvantages Due to relatively high costs, when it comes to manufacturing a developed board in large quantities at a low price, overseas manufacturers tend to be more cost-effective. Among domestic manufacturers, there are companies like ours that offer a comprehensive service from circuit design of control boards to embedded software development and manufacturing. If you can find a manufacturer that provides integrated outsourcing, you can delegate everything from the case that houses the control board to the surrounding electrical wiring, thereby reducing labor hours. If you have any interest, please feel free to contact us. We will provide you with the best proposal tailored to your needs!

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

Electronic devices that are essential for daily life. Almost all of them are equipped with microcontrollers, and their functions and operations are determined by software. Software development is the process of embodying "customer needs" and "marketing analysis and goals" into software products, referring to the series of tasks involved in developing the contents of software such as systems and applications. Depending on the differences in "what is being developed," it can be broadly classified into three types: ◆ System Software ◆ Application Software ◆ Embedded Systems The flow (process) of software development is as follows: 1. Sales to companies 2. Specification meetings 3. Requirements definition 4. System design and development 5. Debugging 6. Delivery There is a range of development costs depending on the scale of the system, but if you choose a contractor based solely on cost, there is a risk of failure. Therefore, it is recommended to entrust the development to a reliable company that can meet your conditions. At Nippo, we have experienced designers and developers in various fields focusing on temperature, humidity, communication, memory, and control, and we develop software tailored to our customers' needs. Please feel free to contact us!

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)
• Embedded Board Computers

In recent years, the electric industry has been demanding harsh conditions from the market, such as "high quality, high functionality, and short delivery times," making it necessary to choose manufacturing and assembly manufacturers that fit the company’s needs. Therefore, it is important to find manufacturing and assembly manufacturers that meet the conditions of "high quality, high functionality, and short delivery times." The differences between the production forms of circuit board development—EMS, OEM, and ODM—are as follows: ◆ EMS The contracted company handles everything from design to logistics on behalf of the commissioning company. ◆ OEM The commissioning company conducts product design, while the contracted company only handles manufacturing. ◆ ODM The contracted company conducts product design and manufacturing in consultation with the commissioning company. Even if the concept and design are not finalized, ODM development and manufacturing is recommended because it allows for production and sales with the cooperation of the contracted manufacturer. Nippo offers ODM development (proposal-type ODM) that covers everything from product design to product development. Our sales and technical staff will listen to your requests and concerns and propose a solution plan. Please feel free to contact us!

• Printed Circuit Board

A printed circuit board (PCB) is a general term for a "printed circuit board" that has electronic components such as ICs and resistors mounted on an insulating printed wiring board. Its main role is to provide electrical connections between the electronic components that make up the circuit. By efficiently connecting wiring in one place, it contributes to miniaturization, increased productivity, and cost reduction. There are two main types of printed circuit boards: ◆ Rigid boards These are made using hard insulators such as epoxy resin and are also called rigid substrates. They have the advantage of being strong, making it easier to mount electronic components. ◆ Flexible boards These are characterized by being thin and flexible, as they use plastic film as the substrate. They are used as connecting cables for movable parts of electronic components and for connections between boards or units. To manufacture a printed circuit board, it is necessary to implement all the electronic components used in the electronic circuit and design the patterns through which current will flow to connect each electronic component (artwork). Nippo offers a wide range of services, from the design of electrical and electronic circuits to the design of printed circuit boards and the construction of control systems. Please feel free to consult with us.

• Printed Circuit Board

Temperature control is a system designed to maintain a set temperature consistently. For example, in air conditioning, the fan speed and airflow are adjusted to reach the set room temperature. This mechanism is used in many household appliances such as refrigerators, microwaves, and water heaters. In industrial products, printed circuit boards, which are the heart of electronic devices, are used, and automatic control of temperature and other factors is designed to operate based on signals emitted from them. There are various types of temperature control, with the most representative being ON-OFF control. This is a simple control method where the switch is turned OFF when the set temperature is reached, and turned ON again when the temperature drops, as seen in electric kotatsu. However, since it can only operate in a binary manner (either 0 or 100), it struggles with delicate temperature adjustments and has the drawback of being prone to "overshoot." To improve the instability of ON-OFF control, proportional control was developed, characterized by its ability to adjust output in stages. By changing the motor's movement according to the temperature difference, smooth temperature control similar to that of air conditioning becomes possible. It is important to differentiate between the simple ON-OFF control and the more stable proportional control based on the application, as understanding this can help improve product quality and stability.

• Temperature and Humidity Control

Embedded software refers to software that is built into hardware with specific functions and operates within devices such as home appliances, automobiles, and industrial equipment, handling device control and data processing. In recent years, its importance has increased due to the integration with AI and IoT technologies. <Main Features of Embedded Software> ◆ Real-time Performance It is necessary to control the operation of devices with precise timing (e.g., engine control in automobiles). ◆ Low Power Consumption Energy efficiency is crucial for battery-operated devices (e.g., wearable devices). ◆ Stability and Reliability Designs must withstand long-term operation (e.g., medical devices). <Types of Embedded Software> ◆ Control Software ◆ Communication Software ◆ GUI Software At Nippo, we offer a wide range of services from the design of electrical and electronic circuits to the design of printed circuit boards and the construction of control systems. Utilizing our unique know-how cultivated through numerous achievements and extensive experience, we can provide accurate proposals tailored to our customers' needs. *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Software (middle, driver, security, etc.)

PID control refers to a control method used for applications such as temperature control. After setting a target value, it reads the current value with a sensor and automatically adjusts to get closer to the target value. For example, consider the issues with traditional on-off operation. A familiar example is the bimetallic electric kotatsu. In the on-off operation of the electric kotatsu, the temperature rises to 100% output until it reaches the target temperature, and then it drops to 0% when it exceeds the set temperature, causing the temperature to decrease. However, this often leads to overshooting or undershooting from the target temperature, resulting in a control outcome that oscillates and does not achieve ideal temperature regulation. While the simplicity of the structure allows for a cost-effective setup, these issues also exist. PID control can solve these problems. ▶ For those who want to learn more about "the mechanism and role of PID control," please refer to the [column article]. ▶ For those who want to learn more about "the function of gain (parameters)," please refer to [this document].

• Temperature and Humidity Control

A humidity sensor is a device that measures the humidity contained in the air. It is used in various fields, from general household applications such as air conditioners and humidifiers to agriculture, industry, and healthcare. Since the methods of measuring humidity and their accuracy vary, it is necessary to choose one that suits the intended purpose. This document provides a detailed explanation of the following sensors: ■ Expandable type ■ Wet and dry bulb type ■ Electronic type *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Sensors

Around us, there are many electronic devices such as televisions, smartphones, computers, audio equipment, and home appliances that are actively used. Many of these devices have features like lights that turn on when powered, operation buttons, and displays that provide information about the device's status in text form. This document will explain the following representative display devices: ■ 7-segment display ■ LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) ■ LED panel *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Circuit board design and manufacturing

At Nippo, we have numerous development achievements in the measurement field, including temperature sensors, temperature controllers, and humidity controllers. We can provide proposals tailored to our customers' needs regarding the measurement and control of temperature and humidity. This document introduces the detailed mechanisms of the following sensors: ■ Temperature Resistance Body ■ Thermocouple ■ Thermistor *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us.

• Sensors

A printed wiring board (or raw board, substrate) refers to a board or sheet with a surface, or a surface and internal connections made with conductive wiring. When various electronic components are mounted on this, giving it the functionality of an electronic circuit, it is called a printed circuit board (assembled substrate). The collective term for these is "printed circuit board." It serves the functions of connection and insulation, as well as supporting components, playing a crucial role in electronic devices. This document explains the types and characteristics of "printed wiring boards." *For more details, please download the PDF or feel free to contact us. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Nippo offers various printed circuit board development options! Please feel free to contact us. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

• Circuit board design and manufacturing