iPROS Manufacturing
  • Search for products by classification category

    • Electronic Components and Modules
      Electronic Components and Modules
      58403items
    • Machinery Parts
      Machinery Parts
      73623items
    • Manufacturing and processing machinery
      Manufacturing and processing machinery
      98224items
    • Scientific and Physics Equipment
      Scientific and Physics Equipment
      34040items
    • Materials
      Materials
      36468items
    • Measurement and Analysis
      Measurement and Analysis
      53541items
    • Image Processing
      Image Processing
      14869items
    • Control and Electrical Equipment
      Control and Electrical Equipment
      51965items
    • Tools, consumables, and supplies
      Tools, consumables, and supplies
      63923items
    • Design and production support
      Design and production support
      12258items
    • IT/Network
      IT/Network
      42421items
    • Office
      Office
      13551items
    • Business support services
      Business support services
      32904items
    • Seminars and Skill Development
      Seminars and Skill Development
      5989items
    • Pharmaceutical and food related
      Pharmaceutical and food related
      27635items
    • others
      72450items
  • Search for companies by industry

    • Manufacturing and processing contract
      7345
    • others
      5009
    • Industrial Machinery
      4424
    • Machine elements and parts
      3279
    • Other manufacturing
      2875
    • IT/Telecommunications
      2542
    • Trading company/Wholesale
      2468
    • Industrial Electrical Equipment
      2304
    • Building materials, supplies and fixtures
      1810
    • software
      1636
    • Electronic Components and Semiconductors
      1560
    • Resin/Plastic
      1486
    • Service Industry
      1438
    • Testing, Analysis and Measurement
      1130
    • Ferrous/Non-ferrous metals
      979
    • environment
      703
    • Chemical
      630
    • Automobiles and Transportation Equipment
      559
    • Printing Industry
      509
    • Information and Communications
      451
    • Consumer Electronics
      418
    • Energy
      326
    • Rubber products
      313
    • Food Machinery
      305
    • Optical Instruments
      280
    • robot
      271
    • fiber
      250
    • Paper and pulp
      232
    • Electricity, Gas and Water Industry
      169
    • Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology
      167
    • Warehousing and transport related industries
      146
    • Glass and clay products
      141
    • Food and Beverage
      129
    • CAD/CAM
      121
    • retail
      109
    • Educational and Research Institutions
      107
    • Medical Devices
      102
    • Ceramics
      96
    • wood
      89
    • Transportation
      83
    • Medical and Welfare
      63
    • Petroleum and coal products
      62
    • Shipbuilding and heavy machinery
      52
    • Aviation & Aerospace
      47
    • Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry
      41
    • Public interest/special/independent administrative agency
      29
    • equipment
      29
    • self-employed
      24
    • Government
      21
    • Research and development equipment and devices
      21
    • Materials
      20
    • Mining
      17
    • Finance, securities and insurance
      13
    • Individual
      10
    • cosmetics
      10
    • Restaurants and accommodations
      9
    • Police, Fire Department, Self-Defense Forces
      7
    • Laboratory Equipment and Consumables
      3
    • Contracted research
      3
    • Raw materials for reagents and chemicals
      2
  • Special Features
  • Ranking

    • Overall Products Ranking
    • Overall Company Ranking
Search for Products
  • Search for products by classification category

  • Electronic Components and Modules
  • Machinery Parts
  • Manufacturing and processing machinery
  • Scientific and Physics Equipment
  • Materials
  • Measurement and Analysis
  • Image Processing
  • Control and Electrical Equipment
  • Tools, consumables, and supplies
  • Design and production support
  • IT/Network
  • Office
  • Business support services
  • Seminars and Skill Development
  • Pharmaceutical and food related
  • others
Search for Companies
  • Search for companies by industry

  • Manufacturing and processing contract
  • others
  • Industrial Machinery
  • Machine elements and parts
  • Other manufacturing
  • IT/Telecommunications
  • Trading company/Wholesale
  • Industrial Electrical Equipment
  • Building materials, supplies and fixtures
  • software
  • Electronic Components and Semiconductors
  • Resin/Plastic
  • Service Industry
  • Testing, Analysis and Measurement
  • Ferrous/Non-ferrous metals
  • environment
  • Chemical
  • Automobiles and Transportation Equipment
  • Printing Industry
  • Information and Communications
  • Consumer Electronics
  • Energy
  • Rubber products
  • Food Machinery
  • Optical Instruments
  • robot
  • fiber
  • Paper and pulp
  • Electricity, Gas and Water Industry
  • Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology
  • Warehousing and transport related industries
  • Glass and clay products
  • Food and Beverage
  • CAD/CAM
  • retail
  • Educational and Research Institutions
  • Medical Devices
  • Ceramics
  • wood
  • Transportation
  • Medical and Welfare
  • Petroleum and coal products
  • Shipbuilding and heavy machinery
  • Aviation & Aerospace
  • Fisheries, Agriculture and Forestry
  • Public interest/special/independent administrative agency
  • equipment
  • self-employed
  • Government
  • Research and development equipment and devices
  • Materials
  • Mining
  • Finance, securities and insurance
  • Individual
  • cosmetics
  • Restaurants and accommodations
  • Police, Fire Department, Self-Defense Forces
  • Laboratory Equipment and Consumables
  • Contracted research
  • Raw materials for reagents and chemicals
Special Features
Ranking
  • Overall Products Ranking
  • Overall Company Ranking
  • privacy policy
  • terms of service
  • About Us
  • Careers
  • Advertising
  1. Home
  2. Electronic Components and Semiconductors
  3. アイテス
  4. Examples of semiconductor observation using mechanical polishing.
PRODUCT
  • Jun 28, 2024
  • Added to bookmarks

    Bookmarks list

    Bookmark has been removed

    Bookmarks list

    You can't add any more bookmarks

    By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

    Free membership registration
Jun 28, 2024

Examples of semiconductor observation using mechanical polishing.

アイテス アイテス
In the methods for cross-section preparation in semiconductor structure observation and defect analysis, CP, FIB, and mechanical polishing are mentioned, each having its own advantages and disadvantages, making it necessary to consider which method to use. In recent years, CP and FIB have become more common, and it seems that the use of mechanically polished methods, which require technical skill, is decreasing. However, it is still not something to be dismissed. While there are merits and demerits, it is possible to achieve cross-section preparation with mechanical polishing that is on par with FIB and CP. At our company, based on years of accumulated know-how, we propose the most appropriate processing method according to the observation purpose, sample composition, and structure.
  • Inquiry about this news

    Contact Us Online
  • More Details & Registration

    Details & Registration

Related Links

Here is the homepage of ITES Corporation
 

Related product

Semiconductors si.PNG

Examples of semiconductor observation through mechanical polishing.

Cross-section preparation for structural observation and defect analysis of semiconductors! Cross-section preparation comparable to FIB and CP is possible.

We would like to introduce an example of "observation of semiconductors through mechanical polishing" conducted by our company. While there are advantages and disadvantages, it is possible to create cross-sections with mechanical polishing that are comparable to those produced by FIB or CP. Based on years of accumulated know-how, our company will propose the most appropriate processing methods according to the observation purpose, sample composition, and structure. If you have any concerns, please feel free to contact us at the information below. 【Observation Examples】 ■ Semiconductor_Si ■ Compound Semiconductor_GaN ■ Compound Semiconductor_GaP ■ Compound Semiconductor_GaAs *For more details, please refer to the PDF materials or feel free to contact us.

  • Wafer processing/polishing equipment

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
?Appearance of the mounting board.png

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components (1) to (6)

Introducing the "Observation Mode" of a chip capacitor (MLCC) under a microscope!

We would like to introduce an example of cross-sectional observation of mounted components conducted by our company. Using commercially available computer circuit boards, we observed the solder joints of mounted components and the internal structures of the components with a metallurgical microscope. The observation modes of the metallurgical microscope include bright field observation, dark field observation, and polarized light observation, among others. Additionally, there are observations using transmitted light, and the observation mode is selected according to the sample. By conducting cross-sectional observations before and after reliability testing, we can evaluate the reliability of the product. When observing, it is important to select an appropriate "observation mode" to clearly capture the condition of the solder joint interface and defects such as cracks. [Case Overview] ■ Using commercially available computer circuit boards ■ Observing the solder joints of mounted components and the internal structures of the components with a metallurgical microscope ・Observation modes: bright field observation, dark field observation, polarized light observation, etc. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Circuit board design and manufacturing

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
1-1.PNG

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components.

Observations before and after reliability testing and cross-sectional observations! Here are examples of observations of various implemented components.

We would like to introduce our service for "various cross-sectional observations of mounted components on circuit boards." Inside various electronic devices around us, there are circuit boards equipped with electronic components. When observing a mounted circuit board, you can see that numerous components are tightly soldered together, and it is necessary to confirm that the components are properly joined, as improper connections can prevent normal operation. Please contact us if you are considering observations before and after reliability testing or cross-sectional observations. 【Examples of Observations (Partial)】 ■ Ceramic Capacitors ■ Transistors ■ Chip Resistors ■ QFP ■ Connector Pins *For more details, please refer to the PDF materials or feel free to contact us.

  • Analytical Equipment and Devices

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
スクリーンショット 2021-09-16 103545.png

[Data] Structural Analysis of MEMS Components

Comprehensive analysis of the structure of MEMS components using a combination of non-destructive and destructive methods!

This document introduces the structural analysis of MEMS components. It includes "non-destructive observation of accelerometers" using X-ray imaging to observe the internal structure of the package, as well as "optical microscope and SEM observation after mechanical polishing of accelerometers" and "cross-sectional observation of microphones (CROSS BEAM FIB/SEM)." Please feel free to download and take a look. [Contents] ■ Non-destructive observation of accelerometers ■ Optical microscope and SEM observation after mechanical polishing of accelerometers ■ Cross-sectional observation of microphones (CROSS BEAM FIB/SEM) *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Contract Analysis

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
image.png

Total support service for cross-sectional grinding, processing, observation, and analysis.

We undertake contract processing and manufacturing of cross-sections of various parts and materials.

At Aites, we undertake contract processing of cross-sections of various components and materials, including electronic components, mounted circuit boards, semiconductors, compound semiconductors, power devices, films, resin molded products, solar panels, and LCD glass. We also conduct observation and analysis of the produced cross-sections, providing contract analysis for defect analysis and quality evaluation. 【Service List】 ■Mechanical polishing ■CP processing ■Microtome ■FIB processing ■Analysis of semiconductor diffusion layers, etc. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Analytical Equipment and Devices
  • Analysis Services

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
image_24.png

[Information] Cross-section production method

We are publishing the main cross-section manufacturing methods, processing conditions, advantages & disadvantages, etc.!

This document introduces methods for preparing cross-sections. When conducting observations, analyses, or evaluations, there may be a need to prepare cross-sections. By selecting or combining methods that are appropriate for the purpose, material, and structure, it is possible to obtain highly reliable results. In mechanical processing, we include main cross-section preparation methods such as "mechanical polishing" and "microtome." In ion beam processing, methods like "FIB" and "ion polisher (CP)" are also featured. We encourage you to read it. [Contents] ■ Main cross-section preparation methods ■ Processing conditions ■ Advantages & disadvantages *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Contract Analysis
  • Contract measurement
  • Contract Inspection

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
LED.png

Total support service for LED.

We will thoroughly evaluate and verify the LED from all angles.

■Comprehensive Capability Consistent evaluation resistance from reliability testing to electrical characteristic measurement, optical characteristic measurement, and further analysis. ■Rich Analytical Methods - Forward bias analysis / Reverse bias analysis - Detection from visible to infrared - Emission analysis / OBIRCH analysis ■Special Technology By filtering the visible light range, we can detect weak emissions from abnormal areas without missing them.

  • Bullet-shaped LED
  • Chip type LED
  • LED Module

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
2020-09-10_16h46_41.png

LED failure analysis

Applying advanced sample preparation techniques and failure analysis equipment for semiconductors! Investigating the causes of non-lighting and brightness degradation.

In our "LED Failure Analysis," we conduct failure analysis of LEDs using advanced sample preparation techniques and semiconductor failure analysis equipment to investigate the causes of non-lighting and brightness degradation. In the "LED Defect Mode Discrimination," we performed lighting tests after lens polishing and observed the resin of the LED, polishing it to stages a, b, and c, conducting lighting observations for (a) and (b), and optical observations of the chip through the resin for (c). Additionally, we also have categories such as "Electrical Normal" and "Open, High Resistance." 【Initial Diagnostic Items for LED Packages】 ■ Electrical Characteristics Measurement ■ Visual Inspection ■ Lens Polishing / Internal Optical Observation of the Package ■ Lighting Test (Brightness Distribution Observation) *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Contract Analysis
  • Analysis Services

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
2020-08-05_10h24_45.png

Surface mount electronic component cross-sectional observation service

You can closely observe the solder joint condition of electronic components on the implementation board and the internal structure of the components!

Our company conducts "cross-sectional observation of surface-mounted electronic components." Through cross-sectional observation after mechanical polishing, it is possible to closely examine the solder joint condition (presence of cracks and voids) of electronic components on the mounted substrate, as well as the internal structure of the components. For "SOP components," detailed observation can be made from the overall cross-section to the solder connection, while for "aluminum electrolytic capacitors," it is possible to observe the internal structure of the electrolytic capacitor components and their connection to the substrate. 【Features】 ■ SOP (Small Outline Package) components - Detailed observation can be made from the overall cross-section of SOP components to the solder connection. ■ Chip ceramic capacitors - Detailed observation can be made from cracks in the component material to cracks in the solder area. ■ Aluminum electrolytic capacitors - Observation can be made from the internal structure of the electrolytic capacitor components to their connection to the substrate. *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Contract Inspection
  • Other contract services

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
2020-08-05_10h17_24.png

Cross-sectional polishing service for implementation parts and electronic components.

Each part is carefully polished by hand, using an efficient process without waste!

Our company specializes in "cross-section polishing of implemented components and electronic parts." To quickly provide suitable cross-section samples for the observation of various components, we carefully polish each part by hand, using an efficient process without waste. Please feel free to contact us for more information. 【Features】 ■ Quickly providing suitable cross-section samples for the observation of various components ■ Carefully polishing each part by hand, using an efficient process without waste *For more details, please refer to the PDF document or feel free to contact us.

  • Processing Contract
  • Surface treatment contract service
  • Other contract services

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
実装部品接合部の解析.png

Analysis of the assembly joints of the implemented components

By applying chemical etching, ion milling, and FIB processing to mechanical polishing, we will analyze various metal joints, starting with lead-free solder.

The joints of electronic components have a significant impact on the overall reliability of the circuit board. Particularly at solder joints, it is important to observe not only the shape but also the metal structure.

  • Contract Analysis
  • Contract measurement
  • Other contract services

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration

Related catalog(11)

Examples of semiconductor observation through mechanical polishing.

Examples of semiconductor observation through mechanical polishing.

OTHER
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components (1) to (6)

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components (1) to (6)

TECHNICAL
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components.

Cross-sectional observation of substrate-mounted components.

TECHNICAL
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Total support service for cross-section grinding, processing, observation, and analysis.

Total support service for cross-section grinding, processing, observation, and analysis.

OTHER
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

[Data] Structural Analysis of MEMS Components

[Data] Structural Analysis of MEMS Components

OTHER
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Analysis of the assembly joints of the implemented components

Analysis of the assembly joints of the implemented components

PRODUCT
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

[Data] Cross-section production method

[Data] Cross-section production method

OTHER
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Total support service for LED.

Total support service for LED.

PRODUCT
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

LED failure analysis

LED failure analysis

OTHER
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Surface mount electronic component cross-sectional observation service

Surface mount electronic component cross-sectional observation service

PRODUCT
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Cross-sectional polishing service for implementation parts and electronic components.

Cross-sectional polishing service for implementation parts and electronic components.

PRODUCT
  • E-book viewing
  • Catalog download

Contact this catalog

Distributors

アイテス
Electronic Components and Semiconductors
  • Added to bookmarks

    Bookmarks list

    Bookmark has been removed

    Bookmarks list

    You can't add any more bookmarks

    By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

    Free membership registration
アイテス
  • Special site
  • Official site
Phone number/address

news

Fukuda's leak test, leak inspection, leak detection, leak test, integrity test.

  • NEW
  • PRODUCT

Fukuda Co., Ltd. has been pursuing leak detection for 60 years and is committed to advancing the future of leak testing. 【 Supporting Various Leak Tests: Air Leak Test / Gas Leak Test (Hydrogen Gas, Helium Gas) 】 We develop, manufacture, and sell leak testing equipment to inspect airtightness and sealing properties. We will propose the appropriate testers and devices for each inspection target. 【 Target Industries and Examples of Inspection Targets 】 - Automotive Industry: Engines, FC components, valves and piping, various parts - Electronic Components Industry: Smartphones, keyless switches, various small sensors - Pharmaceuticals / Food / Cosmetics Industry: Bottle containers, syringes, vials, eye drop containers, pillow packaging, PTP packaging We will propose the most suitable leak testers for each industry. 【 ISO Certification 】JIS Q 9001:2015 (ISO 9001:2015)

Feb 05, 2026

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration

■■ Air Leak Tester | FLA-0200 / FLA-0201 series ■■ Fukuda's new flagship model. Equipped with mastering correction function, it enables high-precision measurements in a short time.

  • NEW
  • PRODUCT

Fukuda's new flagship model. - Masterless type (FLA-0200 series) - General type (FLA-0201 series) Two models of air leak testers. With the mastering correction function, high-precision measurements can be achieved in a short time. Please take a look at the catalog.

Feb 05, 2026

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration

[Cast Iron Crack] We will repair cracks in metal products without applying heat.

  • NEW
  • COMPANY

The "Mechanical Stitching Method" by Nichinichisui Road Machinery Co., Ltd. is a new technique that allows for the repair of metal cracks without the application of heat. By using special bolts and reinforcement plates, cracks are physically removed, and repairs are made without causing any thermal impact on the base material. Repairs can be carried out even in environments where open flames cannot be used. Since no heat is applied, the disassembly of equipment is kept to a minimum. ◎ For more details, please contact us. ◎ If a detailed technical explanation is needed, please contact us.

Feb 05, 2026

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration

[Cast Iron Crack] We will repair cracks in metal products without applying heat.

  • NEW
  • COMPANY

The "Mechanical Stitching Method" by Nichinichisui Road Machinery Co., Ltd. is a new technique that allows for the repair of metal cracks without the application of heat. By using special bolts and reinforcement plates, cracks are physically removed, and repairs are made without causing any thermal impact to the base material. Repairs can be carried out even in environments where open flames cannot be used. Since no heat is applied, the disassembly of equipment is minimized. ◎ For more details, please contact us. ◎ If a detailed technical explanation is needed, please contact us.

Feb 05, 2026

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration

Please take a look at Fukuda's air leak tester!

  • NEW
  • PRODUCT

What is an Air Leak Tester? An "Air Leak Tester" is a device that pressurizes the inside (or outside) of a sealed workpiece with air and determines the presence of leaks based on pressure changes. When a master with no leaks and a workpiece with leaks are pressurized, the pressure on the workpiece side decreases, creating a pressure difference between the two. By measuring this pressure difference, the presence of leaks can be determined. Generally, differential pressure air leak testing is widely used, but Fukuda also offers products that utilize direct pressure leak testing and flow meters according to the leak rate, in addition to differential pressure leak testers. Since the air leak tester uses air as the measurement medium, it incurs no running costs and is environmentally friendly.

Feb 05, 2026

Added to bookmarks

Bookmarks list

Bookmark has been removed

Bookmarks list

You can't add any more bookmarks

By registering as a member, you can increase the number of bookmarks you can save and organize them with labels.

Free membership registration
Return to news list
  • 首都圏最大級の工業技術・製品の総合見本市 テクニカルショウヨコハマ2026 第47回 工業技術見本市 時代をひらく新たな技術 2026年2/4(水)・5(木)・6(金) 10:00-17:00 来場者募集中
  • 10個まで5日で出荷 ロータリーエンコーダ 9,500円~16,600円(税別) Φ30、Φ40mm 100~4000P/R 磁気式インクリメンタル形
    • Inquiry about this news

      Contact Us Online
    • More Details & Registration

      Details & Registration

    Products

    • Search for Products

    Company

    • Search for Companies

    Special Features

    • Special Features

    Ranking

    • Overall Products Ranking
    • Overall Company Ranking

    support

    • site map
    IPROS
    • privacy policy Regarding external transmission of information
    • terms of service
    • About Us
    • Careers
    • Advertising
    COPYRIGHT © 2001-2026 IPROS CORPORATION ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
    Please note that the English text on this page is automatically translated and may contain inaccuracies.